<p>Energy poverty (EP) is one of the most vital concerns in countries worldwide and plays an essential role towards UN’s Sustainable Development Goals. The European Union’s target regarding energy affordability and climate neutrality has undergone substantial steps towards its achievement. Globally, it has been confirmed that the ever-increasing penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) can help accelerate energy savings and reduce CO₂ emissions, but its impact on energy poverty alleviation is still under investigation. In view of the global trends of rising investments, capacities, and integration in renewable energy, it is essential to explore how renewable energy affects the status of energy poverty in countries with differing levels of development taking into account regional variations. This paper’s goal is to utilize an up-to-date review of the research published in the area of EP through the lens of renewable energy (RE) integration. The literature search and analysis follow the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) methodology. A comprehensive literature search was performed utilizing the Scopus database, covering the period from 2000 to 2024. 47 publications were identified for assessment according to the relevant results found in the aforementioned database. The results show that there is a strong correlation between RE and EP. Although during the initial phase of transition, the implementation of RE may lead to a heightened burden for households, RE can decrease EP levels. However, the increasing prevalence of RE in the market and the advancement of its technology brings about a decline in energy costs. Furthermore, RES integration leads to a substantial reduction in conventional fuel use and CO₂ emissions.</p>