Sustainable Manufacturing Assessment using Sustainable VSM and AHP involving Workload and Machine Efficiency: A Case Study in Indonesian Paving Block Production

The industrial revolution has elevated the importance of sustainable manufacturing, necessitating methods that balance economic efficiency with environmental and social responsibility. This study introduces a novel method that combines sustainable value stream mapping (Sus-VSM) with the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to evaluate the sustainable manufacturing performance of workload and machine efficiency in manufacturing processes. The study employs thirteen carefully curated indicators validated by paving block industry experts to demonstrate practical relevance. The proposed framework comprises indicator selection, AHP-driven weighting, efficiency evaluation, and Sus VSM and Traffic Light System (TLS) visualization. The Manufacturing Sustainability Score (MSS) is derived, concisely measuring manufacturing sustainability performance. The case study findings highlight the need for improved manufacturing practices in the Indonesian paving block industry, confirming the framework’s applicability. The results demonstrate that the proposed framework is capable of addressing industrial challenges. This industry’s manufacturing sustainability score is 80.62%, indicating an average performance that requires improvement. In addition, this study provides conclusions and recommendations for future development.