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<p>Public participation in the criminal justice system has attracted considerable theoretical and empirical interest. However, empirical evidence on the frequency of public participation in criminal justice, factors associated with the participation, and the impact of public opinion on policies remains limited. Moreover, no study has compared international differences in public participation in criminal justice. Therefore, this study compared the prevalence of participation and its correlates in Japan and the United States. Data from 752 Japanese and 544 American respondents were analyzed. The results revealed that the Japanese participants had less experience and intention to participate. Furthermore, demographics such as income and education had a stronger explanatory power in the American sample. Internal efficacy and fear of crime increased the likelihood of participation in both countries. These findings highlight the risk of certain segments of the population—those who fear crime and those with higher socioeconomic status—dominating societal discourse.</p>

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Comparing Criminal Justice Participation Between Japan and the United States

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月4日

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  • Tomoya Mukai,
  • David Brewster,
  • Yuma Matsuki,
  • Eiichiro Watamura

摘要

Public participation in the criminal justice system has attracted considerable theoretical and empirical interest. However, empirical evidence on the frequency of public participation in criminal justice, factors associated with the participation, and the impact of public opinion on policies remains limited. Moreover, no study has compared international differences in public participation in criminal justice. Therefore, this study compared the prevalence of participation and its correlates in Japan and the United States. Data from 752 Japanese and 544 American respondents were analyzed. The results revealed that the Japanese participants had less experience and intention to participate. Furthermore, demographics such as income and education had a stronger explanatory power in the American sample. Internal efficacy and fear of crime increased the likelihood of participation in both countries. These findings highlight the risk of certain segments of the population—those who fear crime and those with higher socioeconomic status—dominating societal discourse.