Purpose of Review <p>Walnut kernels rich in unsaturated fats are prone to color discoloration and rancidity. Thus, maintaining the quality and enhancing the shelf life of fresh walnut kernels until they reach the consumer is currently a major challenge. This review provides an account of recent approach for maintaining the quality and extending the shelf life of walnut kernels.</p> Recent Findings <p>There is an increased demand for fresh walnut kernels owing to their nutritional value, bioactive profile and essential fatty acids. Fresh walnut kernels are prone to oxidation, discoloration and mold growth. Thus, there is a great potential for enhancing the shelf life of fresh walnut kernels via different treatments to improve consumer acceptability.</p> Summary <p>The nutritional profile, phytochemical composition, traditional uses and health benefits of fresh walnut kernels are discussed. This review aimed to explore the role of various novel techniques in enhancing the shelf life and quality of fresh walnut kernels. The use of controlled atmospheric packaging, active packaging, irradiation, cold plasma and edible coatings plays a prominent role in the quality retention of fresh walnut kernel.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>