Unveiling the Therapeutic Potential: Metabolomics Insights into Medicinal Plants and Their Antidiabetic Effects

This review compiles diverse plant materials and their phytoconstituents, exploring their potential as antidiabetic agents. It aims to highlight recent advancements in the field, showcasing various plants and their bioactive compounds that have shown promise in managing diabetes.

Pharmacologically screened components from plants like Phyllanthus urinaria, Indigofera tinctoria, Trichosanthes kirilowii, Ziziphus jujuba, Curcuma longa, Gymnema sylvestre, Momordica charantia, Camellia sinensis (green tea), berberine-containing plants, quercetin sources, resveratrol-rich plants, and Allium genus extracts exhibit diverse mechanisms in regulating glucose metabolism. These mechanisms include enhancing insulin sensitivity, stimulating insulin secretion, inhibiting carbohydrate-digesting enzymes, and improving glucose uptake by cells.

Despite the potential benefits of these plant-derived compounds in managing diabetes, challenges arise when incorporating them into antidiabetic products, affecting attributes like color, taste, and texture. Thus, adjustments in processing parameters become essential for effectively integrating these materials into diabetic-friendly products. This review underscores the potential of plant-derived materials in diabetes management while acknowledging the need for further research to optimize their use in developing effective and palatable antidiabetic interventions.