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<p>This study assesses the operational and cost-related efficiency of nine Greek public hospitals across three phases: before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Although Greek hospital efficiency has been widely studied, existing research relies mainly on annual or cross-sectional data and offers limited evidence on short-run disruption and post-pandemic adjustment. To address this gap, we use a unique monthly panel dataset covering the period 2017–2022, manually collected from each hospital’s Management Information System (MIS), and evaluate efficiency using input-oriented Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models. The analysis distinguishes between operational and cost-related model specifications in order to capture different dimensions of hospital performance under systemic stress. The results reveal substantial efficiency fluctuations across public hospitals during the pandemic period, associated with increased pressure on patient flows, length of stay, and outcome-related indicators. Cost-related efficiency deteriorated more sharply in 2020, whereas operational efficiency appeared comparatively more stable in several hospitals. By 2022, both dimensions showed signs of partial recovery, although recovery patterns differed considerably across hospitals. University hospitals displayed a comparatively stronger recovery pattern in the post-pandemic period, while non-university hospitals appeared relatively more stable across the three phases. These findings underline substantial inter-hospital variability and highlight the need for more targeted managerial and policy interventions to address structural and operational inefficiencies in Greek public hospitals.</p>

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Measuring operational and cost-related efficiency in Greek public hospitals before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月18日

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  • Vasileios Floros,
  • Eleftherios Aggelopoulos,
  • Ioannis Lampropoulos,
  • Fotios Avgeros

摘要

This study assesses the operational and cost-related efficiency of nine Greek public hospitals across three phases: before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Although Greek hospital efficiency has been widely studied, existing research relies mainly on annual or cross-sectional data and offers limited evidence on short-run disruption and post-pandemic adjustment. To address this gap, we use a unique monthly panel dataset covering the period 2017–2022, manually collected from each hospital’s Management Information System (MIS), and evaluate efficiency using input-oriented Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models. The analysis distinguishes between operational and cost-related model specifications in order to capture different dimensions of hospital performance under systemic stress. The results reveal substantial efficiency fluctuations across public hospitals during the pandemic period, associated with increased pressure on patient flows, length of stay, and outcome-related indicators. Cost-related efficiency deteriorated more sharply in 2020, whereas operational efficiency appeared comparatively more stable in several hospitals. By 2022, both dimensions showed signs of partial recovery, although recovery patterns differed considerably across hospitals. University hospitals displayed a comparatively stronger recovery pattern in the post-pandemic period, while non-university hospitals appeared relatively more stable across the three phases. These findings underline substantial inter-hospital variability and highlight the need for more targeted managerial and policy interventions to address structural and operational inefficiencies in Greek public hospitals.