<p>This research examines the drivers of fintech adoption and its impact on financial inclusion in emerging markets—specifically, India, Kenya, Brazil, and Indonesia—between 2015 and 2023. The research employs a quantitative approach, utilizing panel data regression analysis with secondary data sourced from various sources, including the Findex Database (World Bank), the Global Fintech Report (2023), and several national regulatory reports. The study’s empirical model includes Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) with robust standard errors and fixed effects to control for unobserved heterogeneity across countries. The results indicate a significant positive relationship: a unit increase in fintech adoption is associated with a 12.4% point increase in financial inclusion (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Supportive regulatory frameworks have been demonstrated to enhance fintech adoption and promote financial inclusion. The moderation analysis revealed that regulatory quality is a crucial factor in enhancing financial access for fintech. Finally, we conducted a range of robustness tests, including alternative model specifications, subsample tests, and diagnostic tests for the OLS regression, which confirmed the stability of our related findings. In summary, the findings highlight the promising role of fintech in enhancing financial inclusion and emphasize the importance of a regulatory framework and robust technological infrastructure in emerging markets to facilitate the adoption of fintech. Limitations and avenues for future research include the study’s reliance on secondary data, which may overlook nuanced sociocultural factors influencing adoption, and the relatively short period that limits insights into long-term effects. Future research could incorporate qualitative approaches, explore additional sociocultural variables, and examine the impact of fintech during and after the pandemic to deepen understanding of the mechanisms driving financial inclusion.</p>

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Steering the digital shift: the role of fintech in transforming banking in emerging markets

  • Arthur William Fodouop Kouam

摘要

This research examines the drivers of fintech adoption and its impact on financial inclusion in emerging markets—specifically, India, Kenya, Brazil, and Indonesia—between 2015 and 2023. The research employs a quantitative approach, utilizing panel data regression analysis with secondary data sourced from various sources, including the Findex Database (World Bank), the Global Fintech Report (2023), and several national regulatory reports. The study’s empirical model includes Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) with robust standard errors and fixed effects to control for unobserved heterogeneity across countries. The results indicate a significant positive relationship: a unit increase in fintech adoption is associated with a 12.4% point increase in financial inclusion (p < 0.01). Supportive regulatory frameworks have been demonstrated to enhance fintech adoption and promote financial inclusion. The moderation analysis revealed that regulatory quality is a crucial factor in enhancing financial access for fintech. Finally, we conducted a range of robustness tests, including alternative model specifications, subsample tests, and diagnostic tests for the OLS regression, which confirmed the stability of our related findings. In summary, the findings highlight the promising role of fintech in enhancing financial inclusion and emphasize the importance of a regulatory framework and robust technological infrastructure in emerging markets to facilitate the adoption of fintech. Limitations and avenues for future research include the study’s reliance on secondary data, which may overlook nuanced sociocultural factors influencing adoption, and the relatively short period that limits insights into long-term effects. Future research could incorporate qualitative approaches, explore additional sociocultural variables, and examine the impact of fintech during and after the pandemic to deepen understanding of the mechanisms driving financial inclusion.