The effects of digital transformation, technological readiness, leadership support, and psychological contract on turnover intentions among healthcare professionals in Ghana: a mediated, moderated study

The healthcare sector in Ghana is undergoing significant transformation, driven by the rapid adoption of digital technologies. This study explores the intricate relationships between digital transformation, technological readiness, leadership support, and turnover intentions among healthcare professionals in Ghana, with a specific focus on the mediating and moderating roles of HR practices and psychological contract. Drawing on social exchange theory, the research investigates how these factors contribute to employees' perceptions and their subsequent decisions to remain with or leave an organization. A survey method was employed, collecting data from 509 healthcare workers using convenience sampling. The study utilized covariance-based structural equation modeling and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to test hypotheses and analyze causal complexities. The findings reveal that both digital transformation and technological readiness positively influence employees' perception of HR practices, which in turn significantly reduces turnover intentions. Leadership support was also found to strengthen the positive effects of digital transformation on HR practices, highlighting the critical role of effective leadership in promoting a supportive work environment during digital transitions. The study’s results emphasize the importance of aligning HR practices with technological advancements to enhance employee retention, particularly in the healthcare sector. This research contributes to the literature on digital transformation and HR practices by providing empirical evidence from a developing country context, offering valuable insights for policymakers and healthcare managers aiming to reduce turnover rates amidst ongoing digitalization efforts. It is among the first to use both CB-SEM and fsQCA to explore these complex relationships.