<p>Knowledge management (KM) has attracted growing attention in the public because of its potential to enhance organizational learning and performance. Thus, this review addresses the following four questions concerning the evolution, dominant research streams, theoretical patterns, and future research directions in public sector knowledge management: To provide insights, this study presents the results of a systematic literature review of 41 peer-reviewed articles retrieved from the Web of Science database based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Bibliometric and content analyses were conducted using R Studio to examine the publication trends, thematic patterns, and research clusters. This review identifies six research streams within public sector knowledge management processes; knowledge acquisition, retention, sharing, creation, utilization, and management as an integrated process. The findings illustrate the uneven development of these streams, with a strong concentration on knowledge sharing and relatively limited attention to integrated-process perspectives. Rather than making definitive claims, this review synthesizes existing research to highlight prevailing themes, methodological tendencies, and underexplored areas, and proposes a set of future research questions to support the advancement of knowledge management studies in the public sector.</p>