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<p>This paper highlights the global contributions of a few scientists born in the small tehsil town of Bhera (District Sargodha, Pakistan). Those included are Birbal Sahni, FRS (born1891), a pioneer in palaeobotany; Mulk Raj Sahni, (born 1899) ScD (Cambridge) palaeontology; Sir S.S. Bhatnagar, FRS, Industrial chemist, and science administrator (born 1894), Rai Bahadur Daya Ram Sahni, CIE, excavator of Harappan and other sites in undivided India (born 1879); Tashkir Ahmad, PhD Cambridge (born 1905) entomologist, largely responsible for the start of organized agriculture in Pakistan and Sita Ram Kohli (born 1889) who was a pre-eminent historian of Punjab, known for his pioneering work on the historical records of the Sikh Imperial Legacy. Mention must be made of others, such as the brothers Bhisham and Balraj Sahni, who excelled in literature and drama and whose parents lived in Bhera. Consequently, some reasons are offered to explain why people who made such significant academic contributions were born <i>within a span of 10–15&#xa0;years of each other</i> at the turn of the nineteenth century in a fairly obscure city. These factors include a vibrant, wealthy, educated Hindu community with trade links to the West, a spirit of competitiveness, and familiarity with the entrance pre-conditions to British Universities. As one of the authors (NAP) is a resident and historian of Bhera City, the opportunity to acquire as much information as possible has arisen before this data is lost as a result of government apathy.</p>

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Bhera, Pakistan: Birthplace of science in Punjab at the turn of the nineteenth century

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月1日

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  • Nayyar Abbas,
  • Ashok Sahni

摘要

This paper highlights the global contributions of a few scientists born in the small tehsil town of Bhera (District Sargodha, Pakistan). Those included are Birbal Sahni, FRS (born1891), a pioneer in palaeobotany; Mulk Raj Sahni, (born 1899) ScD (Cambridge) palaeontology; Sir S.S. Bhatnagar, FRS, Industrial chemist, and science administrator (born 1894), Rai Bahadur Daya Ram Sahni, CIE, excavator of Harappan and other sites in undivided India (born 1879); Tashkir Ahmad, PhD Cambridge (born 1905) entomologist, largely responsible for the start of organized agriculture in Pakistan and Sita Ram Kohli (born 1889) who was a pre-eminent historian of Punjab, known for his pioneering work on the historical records of the Sikh Imperial Legacy. Mention must be made of others, such as the brothers Bhisham and Balraj Sahni, who excelled in literature and drama and whose parents lived in Bhera. Consequently, some reasons are offered to explain why people who made such significant academic contributions were born within a span of 10–15 years of each other at the turn of the nineteenth century in a fairly obscure city. These factors include a vibrant, wealthy, educated Hindu community with trade links to the West, a spirit of competitiveness, and familiarity with the entrance pre-conditions to British Universities. As one of the authors (NAP) is a resident and historian of Bhera City, the opportunity to acquire as much information as possible has arisen before this data is lost as a result of government apathy.