<p>Coal Bed Methane (CBM) is a significant non-renewable energy resource derived from coal seams and is increasingly explored as an alternative to conventional hydrocarbons. This study investigates the CBM potential of the Extra-Peninsular Gondwana coals from an unexplored region in Arunachal Pradesh, India. A comprehensive series of analyses, including proximate and ultimate analyses, Rock-Eval pyrolysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), porosity and permeability measurements, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) adsorption/desorption tests, was performed on 14 coal samples. Proximate and ultimate analyses reveal appreciable fixed carbon and elemental carbon contents, indicative of suitability for methane generation. FTIR spectroscopy identified key organic functional groups (e.g., hydroxyl, aliphatic –CH_x, aromatic C=C, and oxygenated moieties), which are known to enhance methane adsorption. These findings, in conjunction with favourable mesoporous structures and total pore volumes observed via BET analysis, suggest good gas storage capacity. SEM imaging and permeability tests further confirm the presence of micro-fractures and pore connectivity, facilitating gas migration and extraction. Rock-Eval pyrolysis indicates thermally mature coals dominated by Type III kerogen, falling within the dry-gas generation window, supporting significant gas generation potential. Collectively, the data suggest that the Extra-Peninsular Gondwana coals of Arunachal Pradesh possess moderate to good CBM potential, driven by a favourable combination of adsorption capacity, storage volume, and permeability. These findings highlight the untapped CBM resource in this frontier region and provide a foundation for further exploration and development.</p>