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<p>Amorphous alloys are promising biomaterials for bone regeneration due to their unique combination of mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. This study synthesizes and characterizes four novel amorphous alloy systems—Co₆₂Nb₂₂B₁₂, Fe₇₅Si₂₀B₅, Co₆₂Cu₂₈B₁₀, and Fe₇₀Nb₂₀B₁₀—via mechanical alloying (MA). The powders were processed for 72&#xa0;h (300&#xa0;rpm, 20:1 ball-to-powder ratio) and comprehensively analyzed. XRD confirmed fully amorphous structures, while SEM revealed spherical particles (2–20&#xa0;μm) with homogeneous elemental distribution. The alloys exhibited high apparent porosity (45–48%), suitable for cell ingrowth and fluid exchange. Textural analysis indicated meso/macroporous structures (BET: 1.65–1.99 m<sup>2</sup>/g) with H3-type hysteresis. Thermally, the alloys displayed distinct supercooled liquid regions (ΔT = 20–44&#xa0;°C) and oxidation resistance up to 1000&#xa0;°C. Magnetometry confirmed soft ferromagnetic behavior, and compression tests yielded strengths ranging from 107.014 ± 3.26 to 111.534 ± 9.74&#xa0;MPa, within the range of human cortical bone. Critically, biological assays confirmed excellent biocompatibility: hemolysis rates were below 2%, and cell viability exceeded 70.55% (ISO 10993–5). While all alloys demonstrated promising profiles, the Fe-based systems (Fe₇₅Si₂₀B₅ and Fe₇₀Nb₂₀B₁₀) emerged as particularly advantageous due to their superior magnetic saturation, competitive mechanical properties, enhanced biocompatibility, and lower cost. This work establishes MA as a viable route to produce advanced amorphous biomaterials with tailored properties for orthopedic applications.</p>

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Amorphous alloys synthesized by mechanical alloying (MA): a study on their applications as metallic biomaterials in bone regeneration

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月18日

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  • Luciano Nascimento,
  • Ana Cristina Figueiredo de Melo Costa

摘要

Amorphous alloys are promising biomaterials for bone regeneration due to their unique combination of mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. This study synthesizes and characterizes four novel amorphous alloy systems—Co₆₂Nb₂₂B₁₂, Fe₇₅Si₂₀B₅, Co₆₂Cu₂₈B₁₀, and Fe₇₀Nb₂₀B₁₀—via mechanical alloying (MA). The powders were processed for 72 h (300 rpm, 20:1 ball-to-powder ratio) and comprehensively analyzed. XRD confirmed fully amorphous structures, while SEM revealed spherical particles (2–20 μm) with homogeneous elemental distribution. The alloys exhibited high apparent porosity (45–48%), suitable for cell ingrowth and fluid exchange. Textural analysis indicated meso/macroporous structures (BET: 1.65–1.99 m2/g) with H3-type hysteresis. Thermally, the alloys displayed distinct supercooled liquid regions (ΔT = 20–44 °C) and oxidation resistance up to 1000 °C. Magnetometry confirmed soft ferromagnetic behavior, and compression tests yielded strengths ranging from 107.014 ± 3.26 to 111.534 ± 9.74 MPa, within the range of human cortical bone. Critically, biological assays confirmed excellent biocompatibility: hemolysis rates were below 2%, and cell viability exceeded 70.55% (ISO 10993–5). While all alloys demonstrated promising profiles, the Fe-based systems (Fe₇₅Si₂₀B₅ and Fe₇₀Nb₂₀B₁₀) emerged as particularly advantageous due to their superior magnetic saturation, competitive mechanical properties, enhanced biocompatibility, and lower cost. This work establishes MA as a viable route to produce advanced amorphous biomaterials with tailored properties for orthopedic applications.