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<p>Specific learning disorders (SLD) are neurodevelopmental conditions that impair academic performance in children. However, consolidated prevalence estimates remain limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of SLD among school-aged children. In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, major databases were searched for studies published between January 2010 and July 2024. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022301490). A random-effects model was used to pool prevalence estimates. Subgroup analyses, meta-regression, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias assessment were performed. Sixteen studies comprising 20,314 participants from five developing countries and one developed country were included. The pooled prevalence of SLD was 8.8% (95% CI 6.4–11.2%). Prevalence estimates were 13.2% under DSM-IV, 6.8% under DSM-5, and 7.6% using ICD-10 or other clinical criteria. Studies from India reported a pooled prevalence of 7.3%. High heterogeneity was observed (I<sup>2</sup> = 98.4%), with no significant publication bias (Egger's test, <i>p</i> = 0.484). Nearly one in eleven school-aged children is affected by SLD. Variations across diagnostic systems and regions highlight the need for standardised diagnostic practices, particularly through the consistent application of DSM-5 criteria. Additionally, efforts must be directed toward developing effective interventions, tailored management strategies, and policy frameworks to support children with SLD in educational and clinical settings.</p>

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Prevalence of specific learning disorders among school-aged children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月26日

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  • Yanjana,
  • Mahesh Kumar,
  • Sunita,
  • Pranav Raj P,
  • Mahendra Kumar,
  • Anisha Rajan,
  • Naksh Raj,
  • Preeti Kochar,
  • P. Swabhanu Sriya

摘要

Specific learning disorders (SLD) are neurodevelopmental conditions that impair academic performance in children. However, consolidated prevalence estimates remain limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of SLD among school-aged children. In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, major databases were searched for studies published between January 2010 and July 2024. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022301490). A random-effects model was used to pool prevalence estimates. Subgroup analyses, meta-regression, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias assessment were performed. Sixteen studies comprising 20,314 participants from five developing countries and one developed country were included. The pooled prevalence of SLD was 8.8% (95% CI 6.4–11.2%). Prevalence estimates were 13.2% under DSM-IV, 6.8% under DSM-5, and 7.6% using ICD-10 or other clinical criteria. Studies from India reported a pooled prevalence of 7.3%. High heterogeneity was observed (I2 = 98.4%), with no significant publication bias (Egger's test, p = 0.484). Nearly one in eleven school-aged children is affected by SLD. Variations across diagnostic systems and regions highlight the need for standardised diagnostic practices, particularly through the consistent application of DSM-5 criteria. Additionally, efforts must be directed toward developing effective interventions, tailored management strategies, and policy frameworks to support children with SLD in educational and clinical settings.