<p>A small but diverse ichthyofaunal assemblage is described for the first time from the early Eocene lignite-associated sediments exposed in the Umarsar open-cast mine, Kutch Basin, western India. Based on well-preserved isolated teeth and dermal denticles, seven taxa have been identified, comprising two genera of elasmobranchs (<i>Dasyatis</i>, <i>Heterotorpedo</i>), three genera of actinopterygians (<i>Eutrichurides</i>,<i> Sparus</i>,<i> Sphyraena</i>), Siluriformes and a teleost (Osteoglossiformes). The ichthyofauna from Umarsar exhibits similarities with taxa reported from the coeval Khuiala Formation, Jaisalmer Basin, western Rajasthan, and with other early Eocene assemblages from northwestern India. Palaeoenvironmental considerations of Umarsar ichthyofauna suggest the prevalence of freshwater-influenced, shallow-marine conditions in the Kutch region during the early Eocene.</p>