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<p>This study presents a comprehensive overview of the Vedic River Saraswati’s (VRS’s) history, related to mythology and cultural significance, highlighting its pivotal role in shaping Indic civilization. Recent archaeological discoveries, advanced satellite imagery analyses, and geological investigations have provided substantial and conclusive evidence of the existence of the VRS and its connection to the Indus-Saraswati Valley Civilisation (ISVC). In particular, the integration of recent advent multi-to-hyperspectral, microwave and thermal-based remote sensing datasets alongside sophisticated geophysical methods such as Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) profiling and shallow subsurface imaging, has enabled the precise delineation and reconstruction of the VRS, an ancient palaeochannel network, which further confirms its scientific existence and course. Complementary sedimentological analyses conducted along these palaeochannels, together with palaeomagnetic dating of sacred sites, including temples in Dwarka and prominent Jyotirlingas, have further revealed their profound antiquity, shedding new light on the deep-rooted cultural continuum and civilizational legacy of the Indian subcontinent. By integrating multidisciplinary insights from archaeology, genetics, historical linguistics, anthropology, and advanced geospatial-based study, this research reconstructs the grand edifice of Indian civilization, debunking the “Aryan Invasion Theory” (AIT) and highlighting the indigenous roots of Indian culture. This review underscores the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to understand the VRS’s role in shaping Indian civilization and highlights the need for further research to elucidate the dynamics of cultural exchange, migration, and urban development in ancient India.</p>

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Vedic River Saraswati: the sacred lifeline and cradle of Indian civilization–uncovering its legacy and big picture

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月11日

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  • Raghavendra Prasad Tiwari,
  • Tangututi Srinivasmurthy,
  • Jitendra Kumar Pattanaik,
  • Pritam Chand

摘要

This study presents a comprehensive overview of the Vedic River Saraswati’s (VRS’s) history, related to mythology and cultural significance, highlighting its pivotal role in shaping Indic civilization. Recent archaeological discoveries, advanced satellite imagery analyses, and geological investigations have provided substantial and conclusive evidence of the existence of the VRS and its connection to the Indus-Saraswati Valley Civilisation (ISVC). In particular, the integration of recent advent multi-to-hyperspectral, microwave and thermal-based remote sensing datasets alongside sophisticated geophysical methods such as Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) profiling and shallow subsurface imaging, has enabled the precise delineation and reconstruction of the VRS, an ancient palaeochannel network, which further confirms its scientific existence and course. Complementary sedimentological analyses conducted along these palaeochannels, together with palaeomagnetic dating of sacred sites, including temples in Dwarka and prominent Jyotirlingas, have further revealed their profound antiquity, shedding new light on the deep-rooted cultural continuum and civilizational legacy of the Indian subcontinent. By integrating multidisciplinary insights from archaeology, genetics, historical linguistics, anthropology, and advanced geospatial-based study, this research reconstructs the grand edifice of Indian civilization, debunking the “Aryan Invasion Theory” (AIT) and highlighting the indigenous roots of Indian culture. This review underscores the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to understand the VRS’s role in shaping Indian civilization and highlights the need for further research to elucidate the dynamics of cultural exchange, migration, and urban development in ancient India.