Evaluation of Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical, Antioxidant activity, and Chemical composition emphasizing traditional uses of Blumea lanceolaria (Roxb.) Druce (Asteraceae)
摘要
Blumea lanceolaria (Roxb.) Druce is a perennial herb of the genus Blumea under the Asteraceae family native to Asia’s tropical and sub-tropical regions, particularly the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It is a traditionally used medicinal plant in India. The present study aimed to assess the importance of pharmacognostic, phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activity, and GC–MS analysis, of leaves of B. lanceolaria. Standard protocols were followed to study macroscopic, microscopic, organoleptic, powder microscopy, and phytochemical studies. Biologically active compounds in leaf extract were identified using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The microscopic study of the leaf revealed hypostomatic leaf surface, i.e. stomata restricted on the lower surface and multicellular trichomes have been observed on the lower surface of the leaf. Phytochemical studies determined the presence of different secondary metabolites like alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, protein, phenol, tannin, carbohydrates, and glycosides and showed a good concentration amount of alkaloid, flavonoid, and terpenoid contents. From GC–MS analysis, we found Dodecanoic acid was the major volatile compound with the highest percentage of peak area (6.279%) in methanol extract. In petroleum ether extract, Chloroacetic acid, Tetradecyl ester was the major compound with the highest percentage of peak area (16.355%). IC50 values of methanol and petroleum ether leaf extract exhibited 28.82 ± 1.35 µg/mL and 35.84 ± 0.40 µg/mL respectively indicating good concentrations of antioxidant properties. Therefore, the present study will be helpful for the identification and standardization of the species as well as beneficial for pharmaceutical industries.