Earthquake monitoring in India: a status report (2019–2023)

Earthquake monitoring is critical to understand dynamic rupture processes, identification and characterization of active faults and zoning of regions based on ground shaking levels. Continuous seismic monitoring, indeed provides valuable data to evaluate seismic hazard, which is key to estimate the impact of earthquakes on society and mitigate the same, ideally in near real time. Moreover, it becomes even more crucial for countries like India with very diverse tectonic settings, subsurface structures and earthquake source processes. This very information can be gleaned primarily through monitoring of seismic activities by deploying a large number of permanent or temporary seismic stations sampling different parts of the subcontinent. In the present status report, we discuss earthquake monitoring in India during the last four years i.e. 2019–2023, and related scientific findings in seismology during the same period, that emerged specifically using data from new monitoring networks during last four years.