Let’s Play Charades: Using Video Modeling to Teach Children on the Autism Spectrum to Play with Imaginary Objects
摘要
This study aimed to teach autistic children to play with imaginary objects using video modeling delivered in a small group setting. The videos featured multiple exemplars of play actions accompanied by verbal descriptions. Four boys in China, aged 4–7 years and diagnosed with autism, participated in this study. A multiple probe design across participants was used to evaluate the effects. Results showed that video modeling effectively taught target imaginary play activities for all children. They not only demonstrated scripted play responses, but more important, unscripted responses also emerged. However, no consistent improvement in unscripted responses was observed across the target imaginary play activities for any participant. Pre- and postinstruction probes indicated a clear improvement in correctly naming pantomime actions in charades with an adult. It is particularly notable that by the end of the study, the children were able to play charades among themselves—taking on both the roles of actor and guesser—an activity they could not engage in before acquiring the skills in playing with imaginary objects.