<p>A behavioral levels system is an organizational framework that includes multiple interventions to address target behaviors for change. Although levels systems are often uniformly applied to all individuals within a group, recent work has focused on tactics for individualizing these interventions to further enhance their efficacy. The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize the literature on fully individualized levels systems and evaluate the methodological quality and evidence base of each study using the Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) quality indicator standards. A total of seven studies spanning 11 treatment evaluations were included in this review. We summarized each study according to participant demographics, target behaviors, pretreatment assessments, as well as treatment designs, components, procedures, and outcomes. Outcomes of this review provide preliminary support for the efficacy of this intervention across an appreciable range of populations and challenging behaviors. We discuss implications for clinical practice, as well as considerations for enhancing the methodological rigor of fully individualized levels systems that align with standards of quality appraisal frameworks.</p>

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A Systematic Review and Quality Appraisal of Fully Individualized Levels Systems

  • Hunter Chris King,
  • Emily A. Chesbrough,
  • Valeria Macuare,
  • John Michael Falligant

摘要

A behavioral levels system is an organizational framework that includes multiple interventions to address target behaviors for change. Although levels systems are often uniformly applied to all individuals within a group, recent work has focused on tactics for individualizing these interventions to further enhance their efficacy. The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize the literature on fully individualized levels systems and evaluate the methodological quality and evidence base of each study using the Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) quality indicator standards. A total of seven studies spanning 11 treatment evaluations were included in this review. We summarized each study according to participant demographics, target behaviors, pretreatment assessments, as well as treatment designs, components, procedures, and outcomes. Outcomes of this review provide preliminary support for the efficacy of this intervention across an appreciable range of populations and challenging behaviors. We discuss implications for clinical practice, as well as considerations for enhancing the methodological rigor of fully individualized levels systems that align with standards of quality appraisal frameworks.