Bridging the Research-Policy Gap to Improve Emergency Obstetric Care Geographical Accessibility in Nigeria: An Integrated Knowledge Translation Approach
摘要
Maternal mortality and stillbirths remain critical public health issues globally, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Delays in reaching emergency obstetric care (EmOC) facilities contribute to these poor health outcomes. Geographic information systems have been used as a vital tool in public health for mapping geographical access barriers to health services, yet, translating geographic information systems evidence into clear, actionable policy messages remains challenging. This article presents a theory-driven evaluation of an integrated Knowledge Translation (KT) project in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Using an adapted Armstrong et al. framework, the project embedded geographic information systems evidence on EmOC accessibility into service planning. The KT strategy included four interconnected strategies: training, evidence summaries, tailored support, and targeted communication alongside multi-stakeholder co-design via an Implementation Management Team, aiming to increase capacity for evidence use and foster an organisational culture for sustained application. This KT process successfully catalysed data-driven dialogues, achieving measurable outcomes across multiple levels. The provision of training and evidence summaries resulted in stakeholders reporting increased competence in interpreting spatial data and applying its insights (individual level). Concurrently, the provision of tailored support and targeted communication contributed to organisational level embedding of evidence use and promoted institutional ownership. All four strategies culminated in concrete system-level reforms, including the official implementation of a new EmOC referral policy and the state’s commitment to upgrading Primary Healthcare Centres in hotspot areas and introducing tricycle ambulances. The E4OnTIME model offers a rigorous blueprint for accelerating evidence-informed policy to reduce geographical disparities in maternal and newborn health.