From Virtual to Viable: 3D Bone Banking for Precision Matching in Uncontained Distal Femoral Osteochondral Defects
摘要
Non-contained osteochondral (OC) defects are complex lesions that demand size-matched allograft transplantation for knee salvage. Conventional 2D allograft matching is inefficient, leading to tissue waste and failed matches. This pilot virtual feasibility study explores a novel 3D virtual approach for precision-driven donor-recipient matching.
MethodsEight prospective recipients with non-contained OC defects underwent bilateral 3D CT imaging. 16 distal femoral condyle allografts were digitized using 3D CT scans to generate a virtual bone bank, against which donor-recipient matches were secured. Conventional allograft matching was performed based on anteroposterior and lateral (APL) dimensions. Independently, a 3D superimposition technique was employed, incorporating defect-specific radius of curvature (RoC) matching. Alignment maps were used to quantify anatomical landmark differences between donor and recipient sites. The efficiency of both methods was finally assessed by comparing their ability to secure a match. The total number of successful matches using each method was recorded, and statistical significance was determined at p < 0.05. Additionally, a critical pathway for allograft-recipient matching at the tissue bank level was devised.
ResultsThe 3D superimposition method improved donor-recipient matching by allowing manual axes translation and securing at least one matched pair for each prospective virtual recipient, compared to the conventional method, which secured only 5 out of 8 matched pairs. This method demonstrated superior efficiency, confirmed by the Wilcoxon test (p = 0.0156), with perfect intra-reader reliability across assessments.
ConclusionThe proposed 3D superimposition technique, incorporating defined anatomical landmarks and radius-of-curvature analysis, demonstrated high efficiency and improved accuracy in virtual donor-recipient matching.