Correlation Between Planned and Executed Bone Cuts Using Robotics in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective Study of 500 Patients

This study evaluated the precision of robotic-arm-assisted total knee arthroplasty (RATKA) in performing bone resection, predicting component size, managing soft tissue tension, and determining postoperative range of motion (ROM).

A total of 500 participants were enrolled in this prospective cohort research. The procedures were conducted at a single facility, with a uniform method and implant design. The Cuvis system, a fully automated robot, was utilized for the study. The precise removal of bone at both the tibial and femur sites, the positioning of the implant, and the release of soft tissue were documented and then compared to the preoperative plan.

The distal (medial and lateral) femoral cuts had a mean absolute deviation from the plan of 0.23 mm, while the posterior (medial and lateral) femoral cuts had a mean absolute difference of 1 mm and 1.4 mm, respectively. The absolute discrepancies in the medial and lateral tibial cuts are 0.93 mm and − 0.06 mm, respectively. Out of 1000 bone resections, 980 (98%) were within < 1 mm from the preoperative plan. The predictions for the sizes of the tibial and femoral components had accuracies of 100% and 98.9%, respectively.

These findings collectively underscore the effectiveness of the fully automated Cuvis robotic system in achieving consistent and accurate results in bone resections and implant sizing, highlighting its potential as a valuable tool in orthopedic surgery.