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<p>This paper presents the results of the analysis of the precipitation process in S31035 (22Cr25Ni3W3CuCoNbN) steel after long-term ageing at 750&#xa0;°C for up to 30,000&#xa0;h. The identification of precipitates was carried out using selective electron diffraction with FEI TITAN 80–300 transmission electron microscope. In the microstructure of the test steel in the as-received condition, the primary precipitates of Z phase were revealed. Ageing has contributed to the precipitation of secondary phases at the grain boundaries, twin boundaries and inside the grains. At the grain boundaries, M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> carbides and Laves phase precipitates were revealed during the initial period of ageing. Longer ageing times resulted in the occurrence of sigma phase and G phase particles at the boundaries. Only M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> carbides were observed at the twin boundaries. In turn, inside the grains, the presence of ε_Cu particles, Laves phase and secondary Z phase precipitates was demonstrated. In addition, single complexes of precipitates consisting of the primary Z phase particles and M<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub> carbides nucleating on them as well as the Laves phase precipitates were revealed near the grain boundaries.</p>

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The analyses of precipitation processes in the microstructure of S31035 steel after ageing at 750 °C

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月1日

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  • M. Sroka,
  • A. Zieliński,
  • H. Purzyńska,
  • G. Golański,
  • J. Mikuła,
  • M. E. Sroka,
  • M. Kusy

摘要

This paper presents the results of the analysis of the precipitation process in S31035 (22Cr25Ni3W3CuCoNbN) steel after long-term ageing at 750 °C for up to 30,000 h. The identification of precipitates was carried out using selective electron diffraction with FEI TITAN 80–300 transmission electron microscope. In the microstructure of the test steel in the as-received condition, the primary precipitates of Z phase were revealed. Ageing has contributed to the precipitation of secondary phases at the grain boundaries, twin boundaries and inside the grains. At the grain boundaries, M23C6 carbides and Laves phase precipitates were revealed during the initial period of ageing. Longer ageing times resulted in the occurrence of sigma phase and G phase particles at the boundaries. Only M23C6 carbides were observed at the twin boundaries. In turn, inside the grains, the presence of ε_Cu particles, Laves phase and secondary Z phase precipitates was demonstrated. In addition, single complexes of precipitates consisting of the primary Z phase particles and M23C6 carbides nucleating on them as well as the Laves phase precipitates were revealed near the grain boundaries.