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<p>Although intensively researched in the last decade, additive manufacturing techniques are still subject to certain shortcomings, such as internal porosity or anisotropy of properties. In this work, we investigate the effects of postprocessing via hot isostatic pressing (HIP) on the properties of the titanium alloy Ti6Al4V produced via two various additive manufacturing methods: laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) and cold spray (CS). The LPBF produced a microstructure composed of a mixture of hcp-structured α(Ti) and α’(Ti), whereas α(Ti) and bcc-structured β(Ti) were recognized in the CS-ed materials. The subsequent HIP treatment did not cause reformation of the LPBF microstructure. This process had a significant effect on the densification of the CS-ed samples. To study the anisotropy of the material properties, the tensile and compressive strengths of the materials were determined in the planes parallel and perpendicular to the building (LPBF) and spraying (CS) directions. The LPBF materials exhibited significantly better mechanical properties stemming from the typical α/α’ martensitic microstructure, whereas the CS-ed materials presented a high number of pores and smooth and textured regions composed of recrystallized grains and grains with a high number of dislocations, respectively. The HIP treatment led to a reduction in porosity, causing a significant increase in the mechanical properties (UTS by 132%) and a reduction in the UTS anisotropy in the CS-ed materials.</p>

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Influence of hot isostatic pressing on the microstructural and mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V produced via additive methods: laser powder bed fusion and cold spraying

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月14日

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  • Bartosz Bucholc,
  • Anna Dobkowska,
  • Barbara Romelczyk-Baishya,
  • Monika Wieczorek-Czarnocka,
  • Szymon Nosewicz,
  • Kamil Kaszyca,
  • Bogusława Adamczyk-Cieślak,
  • Wojciech Żórawski,
  • Zbigniew Pakieła,
  • Rafał Zybała

摘要

Although intensively researched in the last decade, additive manufacturing techniques are still subject to certain shortcomings, such as internal porosity or anisotropy of properties. In this work, we investigate the effects of postprocessing via hot isostatic pressing (HIP) on the properties of the titanium alloy Ti6Al4V produced via two various additive manufacturing methods: laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) and cold spray (CS). The LPBF produced a microstructure composed of a mixture of hcp-structured α(Ti) and α’(Ti), whereas α(Ti) and bcc-structured β(Ti) were recognized in the CS-ed materials. The subsequent HIP treatment did not cause reformation of the LPBF microstructure. This process had a significant effect on the densification of the CS-ed samples. To study the anisotropy of the material properties, the tensile and compressive strengths of the materials were determined in the planes parallel and perpendicular to the building (LPBF) and spraying (CS) directions. The LPBF materials exhibited significantly better mechanical properties stemming from the typical α/α’ martensitic microstructure, whereas the CS-ed materials presented a high number of pores and smooth and textured regions composed of recrystallized grains and grains with a high number of dislocations, respectively. The HIP treatment led to a reduction in porosity, causing a significant increase in the mechanical properties (UTS by 132%) and a reduction in the UTS anisotropy in the CS-ed materials.