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<p>This study examines the mechanical and microstructural integrity of a pulsed gas metal arc welded (P-GMAW) joint between IN718 and ASS304L, fabricated using ERNiCr-3 filler. The microstructural investigation was examined by means of optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provided with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The SEM/EDS depicts the existence of the Nb (NbC), Ti (TiC), and Cr (Cr<sub>23</sub>C<sub>6</sub>) enriched carbides precipitates over the various weld regions, which is confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). These phases, particularly in interdendritic regions, are known to impact the mechanical performance of the weld joint. Additionally, SEM/EDS examined elemental analysis depicting the subsistence of the brittle laves phases in the weld zones. The weld metals microstructure exhibited a transition from columnar and equiaxed dendritic morphology near the weld interfaces and at the weld center, respectively explaining the consequence of the weld temperature gradients in the different regions of the weld area. The results depict that P-GMAW significantly refines the microstructure, reducing the microsegregation of alloying elements, primarily Nb and Ti, thereby improving mechanical properties. P-GMAW welds exhibited excellent tensile strength (664&#xa0;MPa), superior elongation (39%), and higher impact toughness (164&#xa0;J). Additionally, the hardness variations were more uniform in P-GMAW, with a peak hardness of 199 HV5. The excellent mechanical characteristics can primarily be attributed to the controlled distribution of secondary phases. These findings suggest P-GMAW as an ideal welding method for aerospace, power plants, and petrochemical industries requiring high structural reliability and strength.</p>

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Investigating the metallurgical and microstructural characteristics of pulsed GMAW welds in IN718 and ASS304L with ERNiCr-3 filler

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月31日

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  • Niraj Kumar,
  • Prakash Kumar,
  • Anil Kumar,
  • Chandan Pandey

摘要

This study examines the mechanical and microstructural integrity of a pulsed gas metal arc welded (P-GMAW) joint between IN718 and ASS304L, fabricated using ERNiCr-3 filler. The microstructural investigation was examined by means of optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provided with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The SEM/EDS depicts the existence of the Nb (NbC), Ti (TiC), and Cr (Cr23C6) enriched carbides precipitates over the various weld regions, which is confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). These phases, particularly in interdendritic regions, are known to impact the mechanical performance of the weld joint. Additionally, SEM/EDS examined elemental analysis depicting the subsistence of the brittle laves phases in the weld zones. The weld metals microstructure exhibited a transition from columnar and equiaxed dendritic morphology near the weld interfaces and at the weld center, respectively explaining the consequence of the weld temperature gradients in the different regions of the weld area. The results depict that P-GMAW significantly refines the microstructure, reducing the microsegregation of alloying elements, primarily Nb and Ti, thereby improving mechanical properties. P-GMAW welds exhibited excellent tensile strength (664 MPa), superior elongation (39%), and higher impact toughness (164 J). Additionally, the hardness variations were more uniform in P-GMAW, with a peak hardness of 199 HV5. The excellent mechanical characteristics can primarily be attributed to the controlled distribution of secondary phases. These findings suggest P-GMAW as an ideal welding method for aerospace, power plants, and petrochemical industries requiring high structural reliability and strength.