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<p><i>Jatropha</i><i> vernicosa</i> Brandegee, Euphorbiaceae, is an endemic plant used for its medicinal properties in Baja California Sur, Mexico. The sap is used for its wound-repairing effect by the native inhabitants. However, there are no scientific reports about its phytochemicals, cytotoxicity, and wound-healing properties of this important plant in México. The objective of this study is to evaluate <i>J. vernicosa</i> sap properties and wound-healing potential with three experiments: <i>in vitro</i>, <i>in vivo</i>, and <i>ex vivo</i> bioassays. Chemical, phytochemical, antioxidant potential, and cytotoxicity were analyzed in lyophilized <i>J. vernicosa</i> sap. Wound closure was analyzed using Detroit 548 cultured cells over time, and the wound-healing properties of <i>J. vernicosa </i>ointment were evaluated <i>in vivo</i> on Balb/c mice for 6&#xa0;days. After 6&#xa0;days, spleen leukocytes were isolated to analyze immunological parameters. Lyophilized <i>J. vernicosa</i> sap is rich in polyphenols such as flavonoids, tannins, and saponins, and has antioxidant properties. Its chemical composition is mainly composed of carbohydrates. <i>Jatropha vernicosa</i> sap is safe for cells at concentrations below 600&#xa0;µg/ml. Interestingly, the cell culture experiment concluded that <i>J. vernicosa</i> sap extract induced a significantly higher rate of wound closure compared to the untreated control and the doxorubicin-treated group, particularly at 24 and 48&#xa0;h post-scratch. The <i>in vivo</i> experiment showed that the wound area was smaller using <i>J. vernicosa</i> sap ointments compared with other treatments. Finally, immunological parameters after the <i>ex vivo</i> experiment show an anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive effect. These results suggest that lyophilized <i>J. vernicosa</i> sap has biotechnological potential and wound-healing properties, and further studies are recommended to deepen the understanding of its biological activities and explore its possible applications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Wound-Healing Activity and Immunosuppressive Effect of Jatropha vernicosa sap

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月30日

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  • Martha Reyes-Becerril,
  • Carlos Angulo,
  • Hamlet Avilés-Arnaut,
  • José Alberto Ramos-Silva,
  • Abel Ramos-Vega,
  • Margarito Rodríguez-Álvarez,
  • Elizabeth Monreal-Escalante

摘要

Jatropha vernicosa Brandegee, Euphorbiaceae, is an endemic plant used for its medicinal properties in Baja California Sur, Mexico. The sap is used for its wound-repairing effect by the native inhabitants. However, there are no scientific reports about its phytochemicals, cytotoxicity, and wound-healing properties of this important plant in México. The objective of this study is to evaluate J. vernicosa sap properties and wound-healing potential with three experiments: in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo bioassays. Chemical, phytochemical, antioxidant potential, and cytotoxicity were analyzed in lyophilized J. vernicosa sap. Wound closure was analyzed using Detroit 548 cultured cells over time, and the wound-healing properties of J. vernicosa ointment were evaluated in vivo on Balb/c mice for 6 days. After 6 days, spleen leukocytes were isolated to analyze immunological parameters. Lyophilized J. vernicosa sap is rich in polyphenols such as flavonoids, tannins, and saponins, and has antioxidant properties. Its chemical composition is mainly composed of carbohydrates. Jatropha vernicosa sap is safe for cells at concentrations below 600 µg/ml. Interestingly, the cell culture experiment concluded that J. vernicosa sap extract induced a significantly higher rate of wound closure compared to the untreated control and the doxorubicin-treated group, particularly at 24 and 48 h post-scratch. The in vivo experiment showed that the wound area was smaller using J. vernicosa sap ointments compared with other treatments. Finally, immunological parameters after the ex vivo experiment show an anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive effect. These results suggest that lyophilized J. vernicosa sap has biotechnological potential and wound-healing properties, and further studies are recommended to deepen the understanding of its biological activities and explore its possible applications.

Graphical Abstract