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<p><i>Salmonella</i> infections remain a global public health concern, particularly in regions with limited access to effective treatments and sanitation. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains has intensified the need for alternative therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial, antioxidant, and safety properties of chitosan microparticles loaded with <i>Yucca baccata</i> Torr., Asparagaceae, extract against <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium in a rat model. Thirty Wistar rats were divided into five groups, including infected and treated with microparticles (ST+MP), infected and ciprofloxacin-treated (C+ST), infected untreated (ST), non-infected treated (MP), and control. Treatments were administered for 7&#xa0;days. Bacterial load in feces, leukocyte and erythrocyte parameters, antioxidant activity, and lipid peroxidation in liver and intestinal tissues were assessed. After 2&#xa0;days of treatment, the ST+MP group had significantly lower <i>Salmonella</i> counts (97.8 ± 29.5&#xa0;CFU/g of feces) than the untreated ST group (176 ± 38.9&#xa0;CFU/g of feces), but higher than the ciprofloxacin group (38 ± 21.2&#xa0;CFU/g of feces). Antioxidant capacity in intestinal tissue was significantly higher in microparticle-treated groups. No significant changes were observed in red blood cell parameters, suggesting the absence of hemolytic effects. Chitosan microparticles containing <i>Y. baccata</i> extract demonstrated <i>in vivo</i> antibacterial and antioxidant activity without adverse hematological effects. These findings suggest the formulation is safe and biologically active. However, further optimization is needed to improve its effectiveness before it can be considered a viable option for managing <i>Salmonella</i> infections.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Anti-Salmonella Properties of Chitosan-Based Microparticles with Yucca baccata Extract In Vivo

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月4日

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  • Ildefonso Guerrero-Encinas,
  • Javier N. González-González,
  • Marco A. López-Mata,
  • Jesús F. Ayala-Zavala,
  • Ana I. Ledesma-Osuna,
  • Gustavo A. González-Aguilar,
  • Jaime Lizardi-Mendoza,
  • Luis Quihui-Cota

摘要

Salmonella infections remain a global public health concern, particularly in regions with limited access to effective treatments and sanitation. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains has intensified the need for alternative therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial, antioxidant, and safety properties of chitosan microparticles loaded with Yucca baccata Torr., Asparagaceae, extract against Salmonella Typhimurium in a rat model. Thirty Wistar rats were divided into five groups, including infected and treated with microparticles (ST+MP), infected and ciprofloxacin-treated (C+ST), infected untreated (ST), non-infected treated (MP), and control. Treatments were administered for 7 days. Bacterial load in feces, leukocyte and erythrocyte parameters, antioxidant activity, and lipid peroxidation in liver and intestinal tissues were assessed. After 2 days of treatment, the ST+MP group had significantly lower Salmonella counts (97.8 ± 29.5 CFU/g of feces) than the untreated ST group (176 ± 38.9 CFU/g of feces), but higher than the ciprofloxacin group (38 ± 21.2 CFU/g of feces). Antioxidant capacity in intestinal tissue was significantly higher in microparticle-treated groups. No significant changes were observed in red blood cell parameters, suggesting the absence of hemolytic effects. Chitosan microparticles containing Y. baccata extract demonstrated in vivo antibacterial and antioxidant activity without adverse hematological effects. These findings suggest the formulation is safe and biologically active. However, further optimization is needed to improve its effectiveness before it can be considered a viable option for managing Salmonella infections.

Graphical Abstract