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<p><i>Commelina benghalensis</i> L., Commelinaceae, a species widely distributed in Brazil where it is commonly known as 'trapoeraba'. Ethnobotanical surveys in Lesotho and Cameroon have documented the use of aqueous stem extracts from <i>C. benghalensis</i> for their purported diuretic activities. Nevertheless, the cardiorenal effects attributed to this plant have not yet been scientifically substantiated. This study aimed to evaluate the cardiorenal effects and safety of an ethanol-soluble fraction obtained from the aqueous extract of the aerial parts of <i>C. benghalensis</i> in Wistar rats. The work also included the morphological characterization of the plant's aerial parts and the phytochemical characterization of the aqueous extract of <i>C. benghalensis</i>. The morphological features of the plant's aerial parts were characterized using light and scanning electron microscopy. The chemical constituents of the aqueous extract of <i>C. benghalensis</i> were putatively identified by liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector and mass spectrometry. An acute oral toxicity study of the aqueous extract of <i>C. benghalensis</i> was conducted in female Wistar rats. Subsequently, its diuretic, hypotensive, and electrocardiographic effects were investigated following acute and 7-day oral administration. Serum biochemical markers of renal function and oxidative stress were also measured. To elucidate the mechanism of action, the roles of Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase, carbonic anhydrase, angiotensin-converting enzyme, prostaglandins, bradykinin, and nitric oxide in the ESCB-induced diuresis were investigated. Phytochemical analysis revealed that the aqueous extract of <i>C. benghalensis</i> is rich in phenolic acids, flavonoids, and phenylpropanoids. No signs of acute toxicity were observed. Aqueous extract of <i>C. benghalensis</i> (30&#xa0;mg/kg) elicited significant diuretic and antioxidant effects, as evidenced by a significant reduction in serum levels of malondialdehyde, a well-established biomarker of oxidative stress. The diuretic response appears to be mediated by a prostaglandin-dependent pathway, as the effect was abolished by treatment with indomethacin and 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine. In conclusion, our results indicate that the 30&#xa0;mg/kg dose of aqueous extract of <i>C. benghalensis</i> has potential diuretic efficacy in the model studied. Further clinical studies are warranted to confirm its therapeutic potential.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Molecular Mechanisms Involved in the Diuretic Effects of the Ethanol-soluble Fraction Obtained from the Aqueous Extract of the Aerial Parts of Commelina benghalensis: An Ethnopharmacological Approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月16日

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  • Lislaine Maria Klider,
  • Aline Aparecida Macedo Marques,
  • Karyne Garcia Tafarelo Moreno,
  • Gabriela Pereira da Silva,
  • Kelly Cristina Barboza dos Santos,
  • Danielle Ayr Tavares de Almeida,
  • Denise Brentan da Silva,
  • Luciane Mendes Monteiro,
  • Irailson Thierry Monchak,
  • Jane Manfron,
  • Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior

摘要

Commelina benghalensis L., Commelinaceae, a species widely distributed in Brazil where it is commonly known as 'trapoeraba'. Ethnobotanical surveys in Lesotho and Cameroon have documented the use of aqueous stem extracts from C. benghalensis for their purported diuretic activities. Nevertheless, the cardiorenal effects attributed to this plant have not yet been scientifically substantiated. This study aimed to evaluate the cardiorenal effects and safety of an ethanol-soluble fraction obtained from the aqueous extract of the aerial parts of C. benghalensis in Wistar rats. The work also included the morphological characterization of the plant's aerial parts and the phytochemical characterization of the aqueous extract of C. benghalensis. The morphological features of the plant's aerial parts were characterized using light and scanning electron microscopy. The chemical constituents of the aqueous extract of C. benghalensis were putatively identified by liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector and mass spectrometry. An acute oral toxicity study of the aqueous extract of C. benghalensis was conducted in female Wistar rats. Subsequently, its diuretic, hypotensive, and electrocardiographic effects were investigated following acute and 7-day oral administration. Serum biochemical markers of renal function and oxidative stress were also measured. To elucidate the mechanism of action, the roles of Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase, carbonic anhydrase, angiotensin-converting enzyme, prostaglandins, bradykinin, and nitric oxide in the ESCB-induced diuresis were investigated. Phytochemical analysis revealed that the aqueous extract of C. benghalensis is rich in phenolic acids, flavonoids, and phenylpropanoids. No signs of acute toxicity were observed. Aqueous extract of C. benghalensis (30 mg/kg) elicited significant diuretic and antioxidant effects, as evidenced by a significant reduction in serum levels of malondialdehyde, a well-established biomarker of oxidative stress. The diuretic response appears to be mediated by a prostaglandin-dependent pathway, as the effect was abolished by treatment with indomethacin and 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine. In conclusion, our results indicate that the 30 mg/kg dose of aqueous extract of C. benghalensis has potential diuretic efficacy in the model studied. Further clinical studies are warranted to confirm its therapeutic potential.

Graphical Abstract