Mahanimbine Attenuates Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis in Rats by Regulating Bone Turnover Markers and SIRT1-NF-κB Pathway

Osteoporosis is a significant health problem, characterized by a progressive decline in bone mass and density, which leads to bone fractures. This disease is driven by various risk factors, including age, gender, and hormonal imbalances. The current work was aimed to understand the therapeutic activities of the mahanimbine against the overiectomy-induced rat osteoporosis model. The overiectomy procedure was conducted on the experimental rats to initiate osteoporosis and then mahanimbine was treated for 16 weeks. An analysis was conducted on the femur bones for their biomechanical parameters. The bone turnover biomarkers, oxidative stress markers, and inflammatory marker levels were assessed using the commercial assay kits. The femur bones were subjected to the histological examinations. The findings of the current study represented that mahanimbine treatment effectively restored the bone turnover marker level, regulated the Ca homeostasis, regulated biomechanical characteristics, decreased inflammatory biomarkers, reduced oxidative stress response, elevated the osteoprotegerin and Runx2 levels, and diminished the RANKL in the overiectomy-induced rats. The results of the histopathological studies also proved the beneficial effects of the mahanimbine against osteoporosis. The present study has highlighted that mahanimbine has therapeutic activities against overiectomy-initiated osteoporosis in rats. Therefore, it can be a talented pharmaceutical agent for the management of osteoporosis.