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<p>Methanol has emerged as promising single-carbon and sustainable feedstocks with no association with food production. Methanol bioconversion by methylotrophic fermentations has been practiced for decades, but their applications are still limited to natural methylotrophs due to the lack of synthetic biology tools and suitable classis. <i>Bacillus</i>&#xa0;species generally has good resistance and safety, and are potential chassis in industry. Moreover, some <i>Bacillus</i>&#xa0;species are natural methylotrophs, which means that <i>Bacillus</i>&#xa0;species employed as methanol bioconversion classis may be feasible. This review systematically analyzes methanol metabolic pathways in natural methylotrophs, focusing on three critical biochemical processes: methanol oxidation, formaldehyde assimilation, and dissimilation pathways. Additionally, the article provides a comprehensive discussion of applications existing challenges in methylotrophic <i>Bacillus</i> engineering, including those related to methanol oxidation, formaldehyde toxicity, cofactor balance, and fermentation equipment, while proposing potential strategies to address these technical bottlenecks in the construction of <i>Bacillus</i> methanol classis. This review seeks to demonstrate the potential of the <i>Bacillus</i> species in next-generation methanol-based applications and provide a practical reference for researchers selecting methylotrophic strains.</p>

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Bacillus species: potential methanol bioconversion platform

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月28日

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  • Jiawei Lu,
  • Fengxu Xiao,
  • Yupeng Zhang,
  • Zhikai Liu,
  • Youran Li,
  • Guiyang Shi,
  • Hao Zhang

摘要

Methanol has emerged as promising single-carbon and sustainable feedstocks with no association with food production. Methanol bioconversion by methylotrophic fermentations has been practiced for decades, but their applications are still limited to natural methylotrophs due to the lack of synthetic biology tools and suitable classis. Bacillus species generally has good resistance and safety, and are potential chassis in industry. Moreover, some Bacillus species are natural methylotrophs, which means that Bacillus species employed as methanol bioconversion classis may be feasible. This review systematically analyzes methanol metabolic pathways in natural methylotrophs, focusing on three critical biochemical processes: methanol oxidation, formaldehyde assimilation, and dissimilation pathways. Additionally, the article provides a comprehensive discussion of applications existing challenges in methylotrophic Bacillus engineering, including those related to methanol oxidation, formaldehyde toxicity, cofactor balance, and fermentation equipment, while proposing potential strategies to address these technical bottlenecks in the construction of Bacillus methanol classis. This review seeks to demonstrate the potential of the Bacillus species in next-generation methanol-based applications and provide a practical reference for researchers selecting methylotrophic strains.