<p>Low cost and easy scaled-up non-food-source proteins with high quality are emergent requirements for human beings. Starting from solar energy and CO₂, solar fuels derived microalgae cultivations own large theoretical potentials. Here, using editable green microalga <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i> as the model, the high spatiotemporal conversion of formate cultivation was proposed, and the quality of the production was evaluated. The results showed, formate metabolism by <i>C. reinhardtii</i> is light-dependent, and based on the dosage-dependent relationship, as high as 200&#xa0;mM formate can be used for the enhanced photosynthetic cultivation of <i>C. reinhardtii</i> when the inoculation was increased to OD₇₅₀ = 5, with a conversion ratio of above 0.6&#xa0;g biomass/g formate, and less effects on its photosynthetic activities. By determining the amino acid components, the biomass of photosynthetic cultivation with formate or acetate, and fermentation on acetate are proved as high-quality protein sources, according to FAO/WHO’s rule. It’s interesting that the sulfur-contained amino acids in photosynthetic cultivated <i>C. reinhardtii</i> were significantly less than fermented products, which provided a new indication for the regulation of nutrient composition of <i>C. reinhardtii</i>. This work not only verified the possibility of using high concentration formate as the enhancing carbon source in the photosynthetic cultivation of <i>C. reinhardtii</i>, but also showed high quality protein source can be produced by <i>C. reinhardtii</i> starting from the solar fuels.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>