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Purpose <p>The purpose of this single centre radiographic study on healthy volunteers was to evaluate three novel orbito-cervical parameters in a population of healthy volunteers and calculate the observer agreements and errors for these parameters.</p> Methods <p>The cohort comprised 126 healthy adult volunteers, 88 females and 38 males, aged 33.6 ± 12.0, with full-spine sagittal radiographs and no history of back and/or neck pain, spine and/or lower limb pathologies, or spine and/or hip surgeries. The following were measured on radiographs: C1-slope (C1S), orbito-cervical tilt (OCT), orbito-cervical incidence (OCI), chin-brow vertical angle (CBVA), McGregor’s slope (McGS), pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), and sacral slope (SS). Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated between all radiographic measurements.</p> Results <p>C1S was 9.8 ± 6.6°(range, 0.1–29.1), OCT was 66.7 ± 6.9°(range, 48.7–82.0), and OCI was 75.9 ± 7.2°(range, 52.5–89.8). All measurements had excellent observer agreements (ICC &gt; 0.900) and low observer errors (MAE &lt; 2.5). OCI strongly correlated with C1S + OCT (<i>r</i> = 0.95, p &lt; 0.001). OCT strongly correlated with McGregor’s slope (<i>r</i> =&#xa0;−&#xa0;0.78, p &lt; 0.001), moderately correlated with CBVA (<i>r</i> = 0.64, p &lt; 0.001), but weakly correlated with OCI (<i>r</i> = 0.46, p &lt; 0.001). C1S moderately correlated with OCT (<i>r</i> = − 0.51, p &lt; 0.001), OCI (<i>r</i> = 0.5, p &lt; 0.001), CBVA (<i>r</i> = − 0.52, p &lt; 0.001), and McGregor’s slope (<i>r</i> = 0.64, p &lt; 0.001).</p> Conclusion <p>OCI is strongly correlated with C1S + OCT and these orbito-cervical parameters are to some extent correlated with existing sagittal cervical parameters. Furthermore, they have excellent observer agreements (ICC &gt; 0.900) and low inter- and intra- observer errors (MAE &lt; 2.5). The authors recommend the use of these orbito-cervical parameters in clinical practice to provide a better understanding of horizontal gaze, leading to improved preoperative planning for spinal fusion.</p>

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Three novel orbito-cervical parameters: highly repeatable and simple measurements of horizontal gaze

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月22日

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  • Féthi Laouissat,
  • Sonia Ramos-Pascual,
  • Jean-Charles Le Huec,
  • Danilo Casasola,
  • Ankitha Kumble,
  • Mo Saffarini,
  • Pierre Roussouly

摘要

Purpose

The purpose of this single centre radiographic study on healthy volunteers was to evaluate three novel orbito-cervical parameters in a population of healthy volunteers and calculate the observer agreements and errors for these parameters.

Methods

The cohort comprised 126 healthy adult volunteers, 88 females and 38 males, aged 33.6 ± 12.0, with full-spine sagittal radiographs and no history of back and/or neck pain, spine and/or lower limb pathologies, or spine and/or hip surgeries. The following were measured on radiographs: C1-slope (C1S), orbito-cervical tilt (OCT), orbito-cervical incidence (OCI), chin-brow vertical angle (CBVA), McGregor’s slope (McGS), pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), and sacral slope (SS). Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated between all radiographic measurements.

Results

C1S was 9.8 ± 6.6°(range, 0.1–29.1), OCT was 66.7 ± 6.9°(range, 48.7–82.0), and OCI was 75.9 ± 7.2°(range, 52.5–89.8). All measurements had excellent observer agreements (ICC > 0.900) and low observer errors (MAE < 2.5). OCI strongly correlated with C1S + OCT (r = 0.95, p < 0.001). OCT strongly correlated with McGregor’s slope (r = − 0.78, p < 0.001), moderately correlated with CBVA (r = 0.64, p < 0.001), but weakly correlated with OCI (r = 0.46, p < 0.001). C1S moderately correlated with OCT (r = − 0.51, p < 0.001), OCI (r = 0.5, p < 0.001), CBVA (r = − 0.52, p < 0.001), and McGregor’s slope (r = 0.64, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

OCI is strongly correlated with C1S + OCT and these orbito-cervical parameters are to some extent correlated with existing sagittal cervical parameters. Furthermore, they have excellent observer agreements (ICC > 0.900) and low inter- and intra- observer errors (MAE < 2.5). The authors recommend the use of these orbito-cervical parameters in clinical practice to provide a better understanding of horizontal gaze, leading to improved preoperative planning for spinal fusion.