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<p>The municipality of Mangaratiba, located in the Sepetiba Bay region (Rio de Janeiro State; Southeast Brazil), has been taken over for several years by large structures, including real estate, tourism, industrial and ore export activities. Transportation and port activities, especially iron ore logistics from the Iron Quadrangle region (MG), have changed the landscape, particularly the beaches in the municipality of Mangaratiba. Thus, this study applies a multiproxy approach (textural, mineralogical, elemental and lead isotopic data) to iron ore samples and ore particles found on beaches and a waterfall from the Mangaratiba region, aiming to identify the impact caused by ore transport and dispersion in the study area. The results show that the sands of Sahy, Ribeira, Santo Antônio, Muriqui, Mangatiba’s Centro, Junqueira, Saco and Itacuruçá beaches have relatively high contents of pyrite, hematite, magnetite/maghemite and goethite, which are part of the ore composition samples. The variation in the <sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb and <sup>207</sup>Pb/<sup>204</sup>Pb values show similarity in the isotopic fingerprints in the Fe ore samples and ore particles found on beaches, suggesting common sources. Iron ore has the highest sum of toxic units (ΣTUs 17.9–21.8). The highest toxicity degree ratio (TDR) based on ΣTUs values was found in the ore samples and at Junqueira Beach, Saco Beach, near the train line, and Santo Antônio Beach, close to the Guaiba Island iron ore export terminal. This work shows that ore dispersion during transportation is causing environmental degradation on most Mangaratiba beaches. There is a risk of exposure to the ore particles by the people who visit the beaches and inhabit the region and the organisms that live there. People may inhale dust (enriched in Sb, Mn, Fe, Cd, Ag, and Ge), which is dispersed during the ore transportation by strong wind and displays irritation of the skin and eyes, among other diseases. This study indicates the need to adopt mitigating measures to avoid severe environmental damage and public health problems.</p>

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Impact caused by the transportation of iron ore on the beaches of a tourist region in SE Brazil: Mangaratiba (Rio de Janeiro)

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月7日

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  • Sheila R. Arruda,
  • Maria Virgínia Alves Martins,
  • Graziele Arantes Reis,
  • Denise Lara Terroso,
  • Rafael Cardoso de Moraes Telles,
  • Diego Soares Lopes Lima,
  • Mauro Cesar Geraldes,
  • Francisco Dourado,
  • Murilo Barros Saibro,
  • André Luiz Carvalho da Silva,
  • Fabrício Leandro Damasceno,
  • Renata Cardia Rebouças,
  • Fernando Rocha

摘要

The municipality of Mangaratiba, located in the Sepetiba Bay region (Rio de Janeiro State; Southeast Brazil), has been taken over for several years by large structures, including real estate, tourism, industrial and ore export activities. Transportation and port activities, especially iron ore logistics from the Iron Quadrangle region (MG), have changed the landscape, particularly the beaches in the municipality of Mangaratiba. Thus, this study applies a multiproxy approach (textural, mineralogical, elemental and lead isotopic data) to iron ore samples and ore particles found on beaches and a waterfall from the Mangaratiba region, aiming to identify the impact caused by ore transport and dispersion in the study area. The results show that the sands of Sahy, Ribeira, Santo Antônio, Muriqui, Mangatiba’s Centro, Junqueira, Saco and Itacuruçá beaches have relatively high contents of pyrite, hematite, magnetite/maghemite and goethite, which are part of the ore composition samples. The variation in the 206Pb/204Pb and 207Pb/204Pb values show similarity in the isotopic fingerprints in the Fe ore samples and ore particles found on beaches, suggesting common sources. Iron ore has the highest sum of toxic units (ΣTUs 17.9–21.8). The highest toxicity degree ratio (TDR) based on ΣTUs values was found in the ore samples and at Junqueira Beach, Saco Beach, near the train line, and Santo Antônio Beach, close to the Guaiba Island iron ore export terminal. This work shows that ore dispersion during transportation is causing environmental degradation on most Mangaratiba beaches. There is a risk of exposure to the ore particles by the people who visit the beaches and inhabit the region and the organisms that live there. People may inhale dust (enriched in Sb, Mn, Fe, Cd, Ag, and Ge), which is dispersed during the ore transportation by strong wind and displays irritation of the skin and eyes, among other diseases. This study indicates the need to adopt mitigating measures to avoid severe environmental damage and public health problems.