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<p>The migration tendency of Eu<sup>3+</sup> ion doping sites and their local symmetry play a critical role in determining luminescent properties. The local crystal field environment of Eu<sup>3+</sup> doping sites is quantitatively investigated based on Judd–Ofelt theory, and the influence of increasing Eu<sup>3</sup>⁺ concentration on crystal field variations and the resulting luminescence performance is systematically explored. Comprehensive analyses of PL, PLE, diffuse reflectance, and fluorescence lifetime were conducted under 278&#xa0;nm and 394&#xa0;nm excitation to elucidate how crystal field effects modulate intra-4f<sup>6</sup> electronic transitions within the Eu<sup>3+</sup>:4f<sup>6</sup> configuration, thereby governing emission behavior. The optimal BaZnGeO<sub>4</sub>:15&#xa0;mol% Eu<sup>3+</sup> sample exhibits high color purity, emitting orange light (82.20%) and orange-red light (98.83%) under 278&#xa0;nm and 394&#xa0;nm excitation. Temperature-dependent experiments reveal exceptional thermal stability, with the material retaining 92.5% of its initial emission intensity at 120&#xa0;°C, where thermal quenching is primarily governed by a cross-relaxation mechanism (activation energy ΔE ≈ 0.27&#xa0;eV). Furthermore, in latent fingerprint detection applications, the phosphor demonstrates superior substrate adaptability and high-resolution imaging capability under UV excitation, significantly outperforming conventional powders. </p>

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Enhancing the luminescence intensity of Eu3+-activated BaZnGeO4 phosphors: Judd–Ofelt analysis, lighting, and latent fingerprints applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月7日

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  • Duan Gao,
  • Shang Gao,
  • Shengyi Liu,
  • Xin Chen,
  • Xilai Zhang,
  • Li Wang,
  • Wenbin Song,
  • Han Yin,
  • Ying Zhu,
  • Qianmiao Yu

摘要

The migration tendency of Eu3+ ion doping sites and their local symmetry play a critical role in determining luminescent properties. The local crystal field environment of Eu3+ doping sites is quantitatively investigated based on Judd–Ofelt theory, and the influence of increasing Eu3⁺ concentration on crystal field variations and the resulting luminescence performance is systematically explored. Comprehensive analyses of PL, PLE, diffuse reflectance, and fluorescence lifetime were conducted under 278 nm and 394 nm excitation to elucidate how crystal field effects modulate intra-4f6 electronic transitions within the Eu3+:4f6 configuration, thereby governing emission behavior. The optimal BaZnGeO4:15 mol% Eu3+ sample exhibits high color purity, emitting orange light (82.20%) and orange-red light (98.83%) under 278 nm and 394 nm excitation. Temperature-dependent experiments reveal exceptional thermal stability, with the material retaining 92.5% of its initial emission intensity at 120 °C, where thermal quenching is primarily governed by a cross-relaxation mechanism (activation energy ΔE ≈ 0.27 eV). Furthermore, in latent fingerprint detection applications, the phosphor demonstrates superior substrate adaptability and high-resolution imaging capability under UV excitation, significantly outperforming conventional powders.