Osteochondrale Defekte: Indikationen und Optionen zum Knochenaufbau

Hyaline cartilage and subchondral bone form the osteochondral unit. In cases of injury caused by trauma, osteochondritis dissecans or osteonecrosis, it is therefore crucial to address both structures and restore the articular cartilage as well as the subchondral bone to ensure a successful long-term outcome. Various cartilage repair options are available, such as bone marrow stimulation techniques, osteochondral transfer, and cell-based approaches like minced cartilage or matrix-assisted cartilage transplantation. These can be combined with bone augmentation methods, including autologous and allogenic spongiosa grafting, autologous transfer of bone cylinders or bone block grafting from the iliac crest. The choice of the most suitable approach depends, among other factors, on size, depth, location, configuration and containment of the defect.