Mediale Instabilität des Kniegelenks

Medial instabilities of the knee joint are often multifactorial and can be caused by ligamentous, musculotendinous, capsular, or bony factors. Combined injuries with intra-articular structures frequently occur. While isolated, especially proximal, medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries are often treated nonoperatively, various surgical procedures are available for combined injuries and complex, often distal, injuries to the MCL. A distinction can be made between suture procedures, possibly with additional taping or bracing, in the acute setting and medial reconstructions in the chronic setting. While so far the focus has been on the use of round grafts and supportive posteromedial stabilization, new procedures with flat grafts and, depending on the indication, anteromedial stabilization are currently being discussed.