Komplikationsmanagement bei der Behandlung akuter Verletzungen des vorderen Kreuzbandes

Complications in the treatment of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears can occur at all stages of therapy. Despite advances in surgical techniques and postoperative care, complications remain that can affect recovery and long-term outcomes. Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism are feared complications following acute injury and postoperatively which can be prevented through early mobilization and low molecular weight heparin. Early mobilization also reduces the risk of arthrofibrosis. Tunnel misplacement, iatrogenic fractures, and injuries to the articular cartilage or meniscus roots are potential complications and may lead to persistent symptoms over time. Complications can also arise in association with graft harvesting. Postoperatively, movement restrictions due to cyclops lesions or notch stenosis, as well as general arthrofibrosis, are significant problems. Preventive measures have drastically reduced the dreaded complication of septic arthritis. Knowledge of potential complications is crucial to avoid them. However, should they occur, mental models of solution strategies must be in place, and the availability of appropriate instruments and materials must be ensured.