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<p>Dimensionless design parameters, <i>C</i><sub><i>R−α</i></sub> and <i>C</i><sub><i>R−β</i></sub>, collectively known as the Coefficient of Refrigeration, <i>C</i><sub><i>R</i></sub>, are introduced for the performance evaluation of multi-stage vapour compression refrigeration systems. <i>C</i><sub><i>R</i></sub> incorporates the effects of operational variables (evaporation temperature, condensation temperature, and cooling duty) and system configuration (number of refrigeration stages) without empirical coefficients. The application of the coefficient of refrigeration, <i>C</i><sub><i>R</i></sub>, for vapour compression refrigeration systems with more than three refrigeration stages is explored. The high R<sup>2</sup> values (above 0.99) confirm the strong correlation between the <i>C</i><sub><i>R</i></sub> and <i>W</i><sub><i>S</i></sub> for the four- and five-stage configurations. Next, simulation validation confirms the data’s robustness, with an error of 0.05%. A two-phase optimisation approach is introduced to the graphical-<i>C</i><sub><i>R</i></sub> method, which is extended to multi-stage vapour compression systems with more refrigeration stages. This eliminates the complex mathematical programming of conventional optimisation approaches. The case study shows that the five-stage systems achieve energy savings of 1.3–3.2% compared to the base design. This new approach is a pioneer, providing insights into exploring potential performance improvements with more than three refrigeration stages.</p>

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Extending the coefficient of refrigeration and new graphical optimisation approach for complex multi-stage vapour compression refrigeration systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月1日

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  • Yoke Yi Chiah,
  • Shuhaimi bin Mahadzir

摘要

Dimensionless design parameters, CR−α and CR−β, collectively known as the Coefficient of Refrigeration, CR, are introduced for the performance evaluation of multi-stage vapour compression refrigeration systems. CR incorporates the effects of operational variables (evaporation temperature, condensation temperature, and cooling duty) and system configuration (number of refrigeration stages) without empirical coefficients. The application of the coefficient of refrigeration, CR, for vapour compression refrigeration systems with more than three refrigeration stages is explored. The high R2 values (above 0.99) confirm the strong correlation between the CR and WS for the four- and five-stage configurations. Next, simulation validation confirms the data’s robustness, with an error of 0.05%. A two-phase optimisation approach is introduced to the graphical-CR method, which is extended to multi-stage vapour compression systems with more refrigeration stages. This eliminates the complex mathematical programming of conventional optimisation approaches. The case study shows that the five-stage systems achieve energy savings of 1.3–3.2% compared to the base design. This new approach is a pioneer, providing insights into exploring potential performance improvements with more than three refrigeration stages.