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<p>Persulfate activation for the degradation of organic pollutants has been extensively studied. However, most studies focus narrowly on the performance of activators, with limited investigation of continuous-flow systems. Further experimental validation in such configurations is essential to promote practical applications. A continuous flow experiment for the degradation of atrazine was carried out by persulfate activation using municipal sludge as catalyst. The effects of key operating parameters such as the concentration of activator, hydraulic retention time, mixing intensity and the dosage of persulfate on degradation efficacy were systematically evaluated. Under optimized conditions of 300&#xa0;mg L⁻¹ sludge biochar, 8&#xa0;h hydraulic retention time, 300&#xa0;rpm mixing intensity, and 168:1 persulfate/atrazine molar ratio, the continuous-flow system achieved stable atrazine degradation (&gt; 80%) for 30 days. This study would provide crucial technical validation to advance practical implementation of persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes.</p>

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Persulfate activation with catalyst derived from municipal sludge for atrazine degradation: continuous-flow experiments

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月24日

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  • Ran Wei,
  • Shanjun Liu,
  • Shan Sun,
  • Jiaxu Sun,
  • Jianlin Zhang

摘要

Persulfate activation for the degradation of organic pollutants has been extensively studied. However, most studies focus narrowly on the performance of activators, with limited investigation of continuous-flow systems. Further experimental validation in such configurations is essential to promote practical applications. A continuous flow experiment for the degradation of atrazine was carried out by persulfate activation using municipal sludge as catalyst. The effects of key operating parameters such as the concentration of activator, hydraulic retention time, mixing intensity and the dosage of persulfate on degradation efficacy were systematically evaluated. Under optimized conditions of 300 mg L⁻¹ sludge biochar, 8 h hydraulic retention time, 300 rpm mixing intensity, and 168:1 persulfate/atrazine molar ratio, the continuous-flow system achieved stable atrazine degradation (> 80%) for 30 days. This study would provide crucial technical validation to advance practical implementation of persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes.