<p>Menstrual cups are gaining global recognition as a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to conventional menstrual products. However, their adoption in India remains limited due to various factors. Understanding of key determinants influencing their acceptance, such as awareness, affordability, safety concerns and cultural perceptions, is crucial for promoting informed choice and menstrual health equity. Hence, this study aims to assess the factors influencing intentions to adopt menstrual cups among Indian women. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 282 women of reproductive age groups across diverse demographic backgrounds in India. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was employed to examine the relationships among key factors and behavioural intention to adopt menstrual cups. The findings suggest that awareness, perceived ease of use, and price value significantly shape attitudes towards menstrual cups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, attitudes towards menstrual cups, safety perceptions and subjective norms play a significant role in influencing adoption intentions. Additionally, safety perceptions mediated the relationship between attitude and behavioral intentions with a VAF of 0.5097. The study highlights the need for targeted education campaigns that address the benefits and safety concerns to enhance the acceptance of menstrual cups. The findings may be useful for public health experts, policymakers and marketers in devising strategies to enhance menstrual cup acceptance rates in India.</p>