<p>In this paper we consider higher-order Riesz transforms associated with the Schrödinger operator <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_458_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="15" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="96" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(L=-\Delta +P\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>L</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>P</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> on <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_458_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="20" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathbb {R}}^n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where the potential <i>P</i> is an arbitrary nonnegative polynomial. We show that for every <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_458_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="18" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="72" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\alpha ,\beta \in {\mathbb {N}}_0^n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>α</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>β</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msubsup> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">N</mi> <mn>0</mn> <mi>n</mi> </msubsup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, the transform <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_458_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="18" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="117" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\partial ^\alpha L^{-(|\alpha |+|\beta |)/2}\partial ^{\beta }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>α</mi> </msup> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>α</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>β</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>β</mi> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is bounded from <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_458_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="54" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(H_L^p({\mathbb {R}}^n)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>H</mi> <mi>L</mi> <mi>p</mi> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> to <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_458_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="50" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(L^p({\mathbb {R}}^n)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mi>p</mi> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_458_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="72" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(0&lt; p \le 1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>0</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and if <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_458_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="53" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(|\alpha | \ne 0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>α</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo>≠</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> then <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_458_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="18" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="117" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\partial ^\alpha L^{-(|\alpha |+|\beta |)/2}\partial ^{\beta }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>α</mi> </msup> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>α</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>β</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">/</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mi>∂</mi> <mi>β</mi> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is also bounded from <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_458_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="54" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(H_L^p({\mathbb {R}}^n)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>H</mi> <mi>L</mi> <mi>p</mi> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> to <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_458_Article_IEq11.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="53" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(H^p({\mathbb {R}}^n)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>H</mi> <mi>p</mi> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_458_Article_IEq12.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="87" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\frac{n}{n+1}&lt; p \le 1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mfrac> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_458_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="54" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(H_L^p({\mathbb {R}}^n)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>H</mi> <mi>L</mi> <mi>p</mi> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq14"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_458_Article_IEq11.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="53" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(H^p({\mathbb {R}}^n)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>H</mi> <mi>p</mi> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are the Hardy space associated with <i>L</i> and the classical Hardy space, respectively.</p>

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Higher-order Riesz transforms associated with Schrödinger operators with certain potentials

  • Zixin Dai,
  • Qing Hong,
  • Guorong Hu

摘要

In this paper we consider higher-order Riesz transforms associated with the Schrödinger operator \(L=-\Delta +P\) L = - Δ + P on \({\mathbb {R}}^n\) R n , where the potential P is an arbitrary nonnegative polynomial. We show that for every \(\alpha ,\beta \in {\mathbb {N}}_0^n\) α , β N 0 n , the transform \(\partial ^\alpha L^{-(|\alpha |+|\beta |)/2}\partial ^{\beta }\) α L - ( | α | + | β | ) / 2 β is bounded from \(H_L^p({\mathbb {R}}^n)\) H L p ( R n ) to \(L^p({\mathbb {R}}^n)\) L p ( R n ) for \(0< p \le 1\) 0 < p 1 , and if \(|\alpha | \ne 0\) | α | 0 then \(\partial ^\alpha L^{-(|\alpha |+|\beta |)/2}\partial ^{\beta }\) α L - ( | α | + | β | ) / 2 β is also bounded from \(H_L^p({\mathbb {R}}^n)\) H L p ( R n ) to \(H^p({\mathbb {R}}^n)\) H p ( R n ) for \(\frac{n}{n+1}< p \le 1\) n n + 1 < p 1 , where \(H_L^p({\mathbb {R}}^n)\) H L p ( R n ) and \(H^p({\mathbb {R}}^n)\) H p ( R n ) are the Hardy space associated with L and the classical Hardy space, respectively.