<p>For each <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_454_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="77" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p\in (1,\infty )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>∞</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and for every pair of contractions <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_454_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="54" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((T_0,T_1)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_454_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="67" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Vert T_0\Vert &lt;1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">‖</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">‖</mo> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, we show that there exists a constant <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_454_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="73" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(d_{f, p,T_0}&gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> such that <Equation ID="Equ29"> <MediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_454_Article_Equ29.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="266" /> </MediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Vert f(T_1)-f(T_0)\Vert _p\le d_{f,p, T_0}\Vert T_1-T_0\Vert _p\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">‖</mo> <mi>f</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">‖</mo> </mrow> <mi>p</mi> </msub> <mo>≤</mo> <msub> <mi>d</mi> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">‖</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">‖</mo> </mrow> <mi>p</mi> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>for all Lipschitz functions <i>f</i> on <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_454_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="12" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {T}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">T</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. The functional calculus <i>f</i>(<i>T</i>) for a contraction <i>T</i> and for a Lipschitz function <i>f</i> is formed through a unitary dilation of <i>T</i> and is shown to be independent of the dilation being used. Using the estimate in the display above, we establish a modified Krein trace formula applicable to a specific category of pairs of contractions featuring Hilbert-Schmidt perturbations. An old result of Birman and Solomyak gives an expression of <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_454_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="95" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f(U)-f(V)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>U</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>V</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> in the form of a double operator integral where <i>f</i> is a Lipschitz function on the unit circle <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_454_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="12" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {T}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">T</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="MediaObjects/43037_2025_454_IEq8_HTML.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="120" Type="Linedraw" Width="91" /> </InlineMediaObject> </InlineEquation> for <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_454_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="13" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="43" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\alpha &gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>α</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and (<i>U</i>,&#xa0;<i>V</i>) is a pair of unitary operators with <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_454_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="114" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(U-V\in \mathcal {S}_{2}(\mathcal {H})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>V</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="script">S</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="script">H</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> (the Hilbert-Schmidt class). We give an elementary proof of this formula for every Lipschitz function <i>f</i> on the unit circle <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_454_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="12" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {T}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">T</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, thereby enlarging the class of functions. As a consequence, we obtain the Schatten 2-Lipschitz estimate <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="MediaObjects/43037_2025_454_IEq12_HTML.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="120" Type="Linedraw" Width="278" /> </InlineMediaObject> </InlineEquation> for all Lipschitz functions <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_454_Article_IEq13.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="74" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f:\mathbb {T}\rightarrow \mathbb {C}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">T</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">C</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>.</p>

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Lipschitz estimates and an application to trace formulae

  • Tirthankar Bhattacharyya,
  • Arup Chattopadhyay,
  • Saikat Giri,
  • Chandan Pradhan

摘要

For each \(p\in (1,\infty )\) p ( 1 , ) and for every pair of contractions \((T_0,T_1)\) ( T 0 , T 1 ) with \(\Vert T_0\Vert <1\) T 0 < 1 , we show that there exists a constant \(d_{f, p,T_0}>0\) d f , p , T 0 > 0 such that \(\Vert f(T_1)-f(T_0)\Vert _p\le d_{f,p, T_0}\Vert T_1-T_0\Vert _p\) f ( T 1 ) - f ( T 0 ) p d f , p , T 0 T 1 - T 0 p for all Lipschitz functions f on \(\mathbb {T}\) T . The functional calculus f(T) for a contraction T and for a Lipschitz function f is formed through a unitary dilation of T and is shown to be independent of the dilation being used. Using the estimate in the display above, we establish a modified Krein trace formula applicable to a specific category of pairs of contractions featuring Hilbert-Schmidt perturbations. An old result of Birman and Solomyak gives an expression of \(f(U)-f(V)\) f ( U ) - f ( V ) in the form of a double operator integral where f is a Lipschitz function on the unit circle \(\mathbb {T}\) T with for \(\alpha >0\) α > 0 and (UV) is a pair of unitary operators with \(U-V\in \mathcal {S}_{2}(\mathcal {H})\) U - V S 2 ( H ) (the Hilbert-Schmidt class). We give an elementary proof of this formula for every Lipschitz function f on the unit circle \(\mathbb {T}\) T , thereby enlarging the class of functions. As a consequence, we obtain the Schatten 2-Lipschitz estimate for all Lipschitz functions \(f:\mathbb {T}\rightarrow \mathbb {C}\) f : T C .