<p>Let <i>E</i> be an idempotent on the separable Hilbert space <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_404_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="22" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathcal {H}}.\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">H</mi> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> We firstly introduce the definition of a quasi-self-adjoint pair and characterize all self-adjoint operators <i>S</i> such that (<i>S</i>,&#xa0;<i>E</i>) is a quasi-self-adjoint pair. Then, we present some equivalent conditions for the orthogonal projection <i>P</i> such that (<i>P</i>,&#xa0;<i>E</i>) is a quasi-projection pair. Moreover, the minimum and maximum of the sets of <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_404_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="130" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((2P-I)(I-kE)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>P</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mi>E</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_404_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="130" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((I-kE)(2P-I)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mi>E</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>P</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>I</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> are obtained, when (<i>P</i>,&#xa0;<i>E</i>) is a quasi-projection pair and <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43037_2025_404_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="47" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(k\ge 1.\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> Particularly, a new characterization of the matched projection for <i>E</i> is given.</p>

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Some characterizations of the quasi-projection pairs and the matched projections

  • Cong Zhao,
  • Yuluan Fang,
  • Yuan Li

摘要

Let E be an idempotent on the separable Hilbert space \({\mathcal {H}}.\) H . We firstly introduce the definition of a quasi-self-adjoint pair and characterize all self-adjoint operators S such that (SE) is a quasi-self-adjoint pair. Then, we present some equivalent conditions for the orthogonal projection P such that (PE) is a quasi-projection pair. Moreover, the minimum and maximum of the sets of \((2P-I)(I-kE)\) ( 2 P - I ) ( I - k E ) and \((I-kE)(2P-I)\) ( I - k E ) ( 2 P - I ) are obtained, when (PE) is a quasi-projection pair and \(k\ge 1.\) k 1 . Particularly, a new characterization of the matched projection for E is given.