<p>Every state on the algebra <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43036_2025_448_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="25" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\textrm{M}_n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mtext>M</mtext> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of complex <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43036_2025_448_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="13" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="45" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(n\times n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>×</mo> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> matrices restricts to a state on any matrix system. Whereas the restriction to a matrix system is generally not open, we prove that the restriction to every *-subalgebra of <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="43036_2025_448_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="25" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\textrm{M}_n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mtext>M</mtext> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is open. This simplifies topology problems in matrix theory and quantum information theory.</p>

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Matrix systems, algebras, and open maps

  • Stephan Weis

摘要

Every state on the algebra \(\textrm{M}_n\) M n of complex \(n\times n\) n × n matrices restricts to a state on any matrix system. Whereas the restriction to a matrix system is generally not open, we prove that the restriction to every *-subalgebra of \(\textrm{M}_n\) M n is open. This simplifies topology problems in matrix theory and quantum information theory.