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<p>Varieties with a semi-dwarf compact plant architecture may increase yield per unit area in rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i>) by allowing high-density cultivation and mechanical harvesting while conferring lodging resistance. Mutation of <i>ERECTA</i> (<i>ER</i>), which encodes a receptor-like protein kinase, generates a compact and upright plant architecture in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>; however, there have been no reports on the roles of the ER family (ERf) in <i>B. napus</i>. In this study, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to generate mutants in each of the two homoeologs of <i>B. napus ERf</i> members <i>BnaER</i> and <i>ER-Like 1</i> (<i>BnaERL1</i>), and in the single <i>BnaERL2</i> gene, resulting in the homozygous mutants <i>BnaA09.er/BnaC08.er</i>, <i>BnaA06.erl1</i>/<i>BnaC03.erl1</i>, and <i>BnaA10.erl2</i>. Under greenhouse conditions, <i>BnaA09.er</i>/<i>BnaC08.er</i> plants were shorter than the wild type, with a compact inflorescence and shorter siliques. In addition, <i>BnaA09.er</i>/<i>BnaC08.er</i> plants produced significantly more branches and total siliques than the wild type, with no significant changes in the number of ovules per silique or thousand-seed weight. Under field conditions, the <i>BnaA09.er/BnaC08.er</i> mutant plant showed a phenotype comparable to that under greenhouse conditions, but with a notable drop in thousand-seed weight. These results indicate that the <i>BnaA09.er/BnaC08.er</i> mutant offers a valuable germplasm resource for breeding rapeseed with ideal plant architecture.</p>

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Mutation of ERECTA homologous genes confers ideal plant architecture in Brassica napus

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月22日

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  • Hui Zhang,
  • Tao Wang,
  • Jianwei Gu,
  • Dengfeng Hong

摘要

Varieties with a semi-dwarf compact plant architecture may increase yield per unit area in rapeseed (Brassica napus) by allowing high-density cultivation and mechanical harvesting while conferring lodging resistance. Mutation of ERECTA (ER), which encodes a receptor-like protein kinase, generates a compact and upright plant architecture in Arabidopsis thaliana; however, there have been no reports on the roles of the ER family (ERf) in B. napus. In this study, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to generate mutants in each of the two homoeologs of B. napus ERf members BnaER and ER-Like 1 (BnaERL1), and in the single BnaERL2 gene, resulting in the homozygous mutants BnaA09.er/BnaC08.er, BnaA06.erl1/BnaC03.erl1, and BnaA10.erl2. Under greenhouse conditions, BnaA09.er/BnaC08.er plants were shorter than the wild type, with a compact inflorescence and shorter siliques. In addition, BnaA09.er/BnaC08.er plants produced significantly more branches and total siliques than the wild type, with no significant changes in the number of ovules per silique or thousand-seed weight. Under field conditions, the BnaA09.er/BnaC08.er mutant plant showed a phenotype comparable to that under greenhouse conditions, but with a notable drop in thousand-seed weight. These results indicate that the BnaA09.er/BnaC08.er mutant offers a valuable germplasm resource for breeding rapeseed with ideal plant architecture.