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<p>Caves are essential shelters for numerous bat species, which are excellent models for understanding the effects of human activities due to their high diversity and ecosystem functions. This study aimed to assess how human activity type, along with cave length, influence bat species richness and composition in cave shelters. We studied 91 caves across three mountain ridges in the southern portion of the Espinhaço Mountain Range, southeast Brazil: Serra do Cangueiro (SCA), Serra da Ferrugem (SFE), and Serra de Santo Antônio (SSA). Each locality was categorized according to its surrounding land use within a 5&#xa0;km-radius buffer. SCA had the largest extension of natural area (73%) and the lowest percentage of anthropized areas (27%), followed by SFE (natural: 65%; anthropized: 36%), and SSA (natural: 56%; anthropized: 44%). Bats were recorded from 2018 to 2023 using hand nets and were recorded in 61 of 91 caves, totaling 439 records of 14 Phyllostomidae species. Compositional analyzes indicated spatiotemporal differences in community structure and dynamics, with species replacement with similar or higher relative importance than richness differences. Bat species driving dissimilarity included widespread species, such as <i>Glossophaga soricina</i>, <i>Mimon bennetti</i>, <i>Micronycteris microtis</i>, <i>Chrotopterus auritus</i>, and <i>Anoura geoffroyi</i>. Interpolated-extrapolated species richness did not differ between mountain ridges, but average bat richness per cave was higher in SFE. Cave size and landscape context influenced species richness and occurrence of bat communities positively. This study highlights the need to consider both cave structure and landscape characteristics when assessing bat conservation in cave-associated environments.</p>

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Diversity patterns of bats in caves of Southern Espinhaço Range, Brazil

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月7日

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  • Marina Martins Bento,
  • Leonardo H. Dias da Silva,
  • Pedro Giovâni da Silva,
  • Lígia Maria Saback Moreira Dornellas,
  • Lorena Oliveira Pires,
  • Augusto S. Auler,
  • Adriano Pereira Paglia

摘要

Caves are essential shelters for numerous bat species, which are excellent models for understanding the effects of human activities due to their high diversity and ecosystem functions. This study aimed to assess how human activity type, along with cave length, influence bat species richness and composition in cave shelters. We studied 91 caves across three mountain ridges in the southern portion of the Espinhaço Mountain Range, southeast Brazil: Serra do Cangueiro (SCA), Serra da Ferrugem (SFE), and Serra de Santo Antônio (SSA). Each locality was categorized according to its surrounding land use within a 5 km-radius buffer. SCA had the largest extension of natural area (73%) and the lowest percentage of anthropized areas (27%), followed by SFE (natural: 65%; anthropized: 36%), and SSA (natural: 56%; anthropized: 44%). Bats were recorded from 2018 to 2023 using hand nets and were recorded in 61 of 91 caves, totaling 439 records of 14 Phyllostomidae species. Compositional analyzes indicated spatiotemporal differences in community structure and dynamics, with species replacement with similar or higher relative importance than richness differences. Bat species driving dissimilarity included widespread species, such as Glossophaga soricina, Mimon bennetti, Micronycteris microtis, Chrotopterus auritus, and Anoura geoffroyi. Interpolated-extrapolated species richness did not differ between mountain ridges, but average bat richness per cave was higher in SFE. Cave size and landscape context influenced species richness and occurrence of bat communities positively. This study highlights the need to consider both cave structure and landscape characteristics when assessing bat conservation in cave-associated environments.