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<p>Using an analysis of 502&#xa0;bp mitochondrial genome fragment, including regions of cytochrome b gene, tRNA-Thr, tRNA-Pro and control region, we have determined the phylogenetic relations of brown bear populations of Belarus and Armenia with the Eurasian range of the species. The studied population of Belarus appears to belong to the North-Eurasian 3a1 subclade, while the Armenian population displays the presence of subclades 7b and 3d, coexisting sympatrically in the Khosrov Forest State Reserve. The Belarusian and Armenia populations were characterized by low genetic diversity, with Belarusian population also displaying traits of rapid growth in the recent past, which corresponds to data on migration and effects of post-LGM and late Pleistocene conditions on demographics of brown bear populations across north-eastern Europe, as well as more recent anthropogenic pressure. The results broaden the modern perspective on distribution and migration of brown bear population in Eastern Europe and Caucasus with the first mitochondrial data for populations of Belarus and Armenia, but more detailed picture of the characteristics and history of local populations requires a more thorough examination, specifically due to likely presence of additional subclades 3a, 3b, 7a and 1 in Armenia, which are well represented in substantial numbers in the neighboring countries.</p>

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Genetic heritage of the endangered brown bear (Ursus arctos) in Belarus and the Armenian highlands

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月14日

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  • Kanstantsin V. Homel,
  • Aliaksei V. Shpak,
  • Ekaterina E. Kheidorova,
  • Astghik Ghazaryan,
  • Tigran Hayrapetyan,
  • Georgi Papov,
  • Arseni A. Valnisty,
  • Mikhael Y. Nikiforov

摘要

Using an analysis of 502 bp mitochondrial genome fragment, including regions of cytochrome b gene, tRNA-Thr, tRNA-Pro and control region, we have determined the phylogenetic relations of brown bear populations of Belarus and Armenia with the Eurasian range of the species. The studied population of Belarus appears to belong to the North-Eurasian 3a1 subclade, while the Armenian population displays the presence of subclades 7b and 3d, coexisting sympatrically in the Khosrov Forest State Reserve. The Belarusian and Armenia populations were characterized by low genetic diversity, with Belarusian population also displaying traits of rapid growth in the recent past, which corresponds to data on migration and effects of post-LGM and late Pleistocene conditions on demographics of brown bear populations across north-eastern Europe, as well as more recent anthropogenic pressure. The results broaden the modern perspective on distribution and migration of brown bear population in Eastern Europe and Caucasus with the first mitochondrial data for populations of Belarus and Armenia, but more detailed picture of the characteristics and history of local populations requires a more thorough examination, specifically due to likely presence of additional subclades 3a, 3b, 7a and 1 in Armenia, which are well represented in substantial numbers in the neighboring countries.