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<p>Groundwater represents the primary freshwater resource in semi-arid coastal regions of southwestern Morocco, where increasing anthropogenic pressure and marine influence threaten aquifer sustainability. This study investigates the hydrogeochemical characteristics and controlling processes of groundwater in the Sidi Ifni region (Morocco) through field hydrogeological surveys and comprehensive physicochemical analyses. Eleven groundwater samples were collected in July 2025 and analyzed for major ions (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺, Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻, NO₃⁻, NO₂⁻), pH, temperature, and electrical conductivity. Spatial distribution maps were generated using GIS to identify hydrochemical trends and salinity patterns. Results indicate elevated mineralization levels, with electrical conductivity exceeding 5 mS/cm in several wells. Sulfate concentrations reach 480&#xa0;mg/L, calcium exceeds 200&#xa0;mg/L in some locations, and chloride and sodium levels suggest significant marine intrusion and evaporite dissolution. Nitrate concentrations locally exceed permissible limits, indicating anthropogenic contamination from agricultural and domestic sources. Hydrochemical facies are predominantly controlled by rock–water interactions and ion-exchange processes under semi-arid climatic conditions. The findings reveal progressive groundwater salinization and nitrogen enrichment, highlighting the vulnerability of coastal aquifers in the region. These results provide a scientific basis for sustainable groundwater management and mitigation strategies in semi-arid coastal environments.</p>

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Hydrogeochemical assessment of groundwater in the Sidi Ifni region in Morocco

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月21日

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  • Salah Lamine,
  • Abdessamad Najine,
  • Hassan Lemacha,
  • Morad Kaddouri,
  • Omaima Khatir,
  • Hiba Toubali,
  • Khadija Naciri

摘要

Groundwater represents the primary freshwater resource in semi-arid coastal regions of southwestern Morocco, where increasing anthropogenic pressure and marine influence threaten aquifer sustainability. This study investigates the hydrogeochemical characteristics and controlling processes of groundwater in the Sidi Ifni region (Morocco) through field hydrogeological surveys and comprehensive physicochemical analyses. Eleven groundwater samples were collected in July 2025 and analyzed for major ions (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺, Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻, NO₃⁻, NO₂⁻), pH, temperature, and electrical conductivity. Spatial distribution maps were generated using GIS to identify hydrochemical trends and salinity patterns. Results indicate elevated mineralization levels, with electrical conductivity exceeding 5 mS/cm in several wells. Sulfate concentrations reach 480 mg/L, calcium exceeds 200 mg/L in some locations, and chloride and sodium levels suggest significant marine intrusion and evaporite dissolution. Nitrate concentrations locally exceed permissible limits, indicating anthropogenic contamination from agricultural and domestic sources. Hydrochemical facies are predominantly controlled by rock–water interactions and ion-exchange processes under semi-arid climatic conditions. The findings reveal progressive groundwater salinization and nitrogen enrichment, highlighting the vulnerability of coastal aquifers in the region. These results provide a scientific basis for sustainable groundwater management and mitigation strategies in semi-arid coastal environments.