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<p>The transition zone between the Anti-Atlas Mountains and the Sub-Mesetian domain in Morocco is one of the most significant structural provinces at the northwestern side of the West African Craton, recording a long and complex geodynamic evolution that spans from the Pan-African orogeny to the Alpine deformations. In this framework, the present study aims to integrate high-resolution geophysical (Airborne Magnetic and Frequency Electromagnetic Methods) and field data to provide new insights into the tectonic evolution of this area. The results reveal new insights into the structural framework and tectonic evolution of the northern Saghro-Ougnat axis, underscoring its complex polyphase geodynamic history. The region’s evolution was governed by several major tectonic episodes associated with the Pan-African, Variscan, and Alpine orogenies. During the Precambrian, this area underwent a major NW-SE compressional phase that deformed the Lower Ediacaran Saghro Group, followed by successive extensional events, oriented NE-SW and later NW-SE, which controlled the emplacement and deposition of the Upper Ediacaran Ouarzazate Group. During the Cambrian, the tectonic regime shifted toward extension, producing a mosaic of north-tilted fault blocks linked to crustal thinning and differential subsidence. Subsequently, during the Variscan Orogeny, a renewed compressional regime reactivated and inverted pre-existing extensional structures. This deformation produced prominent E-W-oriented thrust zones south of the Tisdafine Basin, marking the trace of the South Meseta Fault, which is a major tectonic boundary separating the Anti-Atlas block from the Sub-Mesetian block. During the Meso-Cenozoic, the area experienced a renewed NNW-SSW extensional regime, which controlled the initiation and development of Atlasic rifting. This phase was later overprinted by compressional deformation associated with the Alpine Orogeny, resulting in crustal shortening, fault reactivation, and the structuring of the present-day Atlas system. The resulting structural map thus delineates the architecture and configuration of the northern Saghro-Ougnat axis, providing a clearer understanding of its role within the broader tectonic framework of the transition zone between the Anti-Atlas and Sub-Mesetian domains.</p>

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Structural mapping of the transition zone between the Anti-Atlas and the Sub-Mesetian domains in the northern West African Craton: insights from aeromagnetic, electromagnetic, and field data

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月24日

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  • Lahcen Ousaid,
  • Zineb Aafir,
  • Younes Hejja,
  • Lahssen Baidder,
  • Ibrahim Dakir,
  • Youssef Hahou,
  • Mohamed El Amrani,
  • Said Ilmen,
  • Amine Talih

摘要

The transition zone between the Anti-Atlas Mountains and the Sub-Mesetian domain in Morocco is one of the most significant structural provinces at the northwestern side of the West African Craton, recording a long and complex geodynamic evolution that spans from the Pan-African orogeny to the Alpine deformations. In this framework, the present study aims to integrate high-resolution geophysical (Airborne Magnetic and Frequency Electromagnetic Methods) and field data to provide new insights into the tectonic evolution of this area. The results reveal new insights into the structural framework and tectonic evolution of the northern Saghro-Ougnat axis, underscoring its complex polyphase geodynamic history. The region’s evolution was governed by several major tectonic episodes associated with the Pan-African, Variscan, and Alpine orogenies. During the Precambrian, this area underwent a major NW-SE compressional phase that deformed the Lower Ediacaran Saghro Group, followed by successive extensional events, oriented NE-SW and later NW-SE, which controlled the emplacement and deposition of the Upper Ediacaran Ouarzazate Group. During the Cambrian, the tectonic regime shifted toward extension, producing a mosaic of north-tilted fault blocks linked to crustal thinning and differential subsidence. Subsequently, during the Variscan Orogeny, a renewed compressional regime reactivated and inverted pre-existing extensional structures. This deformation produced prominent E-W-oriented thrust zones south of the Tisdafine Basin, marking the trace of the South Meseta Fault, which is a major tectonic boundary separating the Anti-Atlas block from the Sub-Mesetian block. During the Meso-Cenozoic, the area experienced a renewed NNW-SSW extensional regime, which controlled the initiation and development of Atlasic rifting. This phase was later overprinted by compressional deformation associated with the Alpine Orogeny, resulting in crustal shortening, fault reactivation, and the structuring of the present-day Atlas system. The resulting structural map thus delineates the architecture and configuration of the northern Saghro-Ougnat axis, providing a clearer understanding of its role within the broader tectonic framework of the transition zone between the Anti-Atlas and Sub-Mesetian domains.