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<p>Sustainable water resource management is crucial for ensuring long-term access to secure water supplies, especially as the population grows, domestic and industrial water demand increases, and climate change intensifies. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing play vital roles in water resource management. However, many researchers are constrained by limited tools and computing resource availability, hindering their effective use of these techniques. Recent advancements in cloud computing have led to platforms such as Google Earth Engine (GEE), which provide free access to substantial processing resources and datasets. This case study examines the territorial distribution and scarcity of water resources in Morocco’s Saïss Plain using open data. It explores the application of GEE to analyze the water balance and monitor drought conditions in the region. The results indicate that during winter and spring, the water balance is positive, while during summer and autumn, it becomes negative. Areas with excess water are located in the centre of the study zone, whereas deficit zones are found in the north and northeast. This surplus water contributes to the aquifer recharge. The Standardized Vegetation Index (SVI) was used to monitor water scarcity. Generally, the lowest SVI values are observed between May and November. On an annual basis, the lowest SVI values tend to occur every two to 3&#xa0;years. Due to their high population density and reduced vegetation cover, areas located in the northwest and southeast of the plain are particularly vulnerable to water scarcity. In contrast, the southern and northeastern parts of the plain remain relatively stable, with minimal risk of water shortages. These results serve as essential tools for the management and planning of this vital but highly stressed agricultural area. They support initiatives such as irrigation optimization, aquifer monitoring, early warning systems for water scarcity, infrastructure planning tailored to actual needs, and a strategic orientation toward a sustainable, climate-resilient economy.</p>

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Earth observation open data in Google Earth Engine for water resource management in the Saïss Plain, Morocco

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月18日

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  • Manal El Garouani,
  • Mohamed Ali El-Omairi,
  • Maryame El-Yazidi,
  • Abderrahim Lahrach,
  • Hassane Jarar Oulidi

摘要

Sustainable water resource management is crucial for ensuring long-term access to secure water supplies, especially as the population grows, domestic and industrial water demand increases, and climate change intensifies. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing play vital roles in water resource management. However, many researchers are constrained by limited tools and computing resource availability, hindering their effective use of these techniques. Recent advancements in cloud computing have led to platforms such as Google Earth Engine (GEE), which provide free access to substantial processing resources and datasets. This case study examines the territorial distribution and scarcity of water resources in Morocco’s Saïss Plain using open data. It explores the application of GEE to analyze the water balance and monitor drought conditions in the region. The results indicate that during winter and spring, the water balance is positive, while during summer and autumn, it becomes negative. Areas with excess water are located in the centre of the study zone, whereas deficit zones are found in the north and northeast. This surplus water contributes to the aquifer recharge. The Standardized Vegetation Index (SVI) was used to monitor water scarcity. Generally, the lowest SVI values are observed between May and November. On an annual basis, the lowest SVI values tend to occur every two to 3 years. Due to their high population density and reduced vegetation cover, areas located in the northwest and southeast of the plain are particularly vulnerable to water scarcity. In contrast, the southern and northeastern parts of the plain remain relatively stable, with minimal risk of water shortages. These results serve as essential tools for the management and planning of this vital but highly stressed agricultural area. They support initiatives such as irrigation optimization, aquifer monitoring, early warning systems for water scarcity, infrastructure planning tailored to actual needs, and a strategic orientation toward a sustainable, climate-resilient economy.